Research On The Development And Implementation Of"Common Career Technical Core" In The United States

In the late 1980s,the Bush administration advocated the establishment of a new "world standard" in order to deal with serious quality problems in primary and secondary education.Subsequently,some teacher associations and well-known research institutions developed national curriculum standards for disciplines,and states established standards on a voluntary basis,which caused a series of changes in core elements.Scholars call it "standards-based reform," specifically referring to the changes in the entire education system and core elements caused by the development and implementation of standards.These core elements mainly include curriculum,teaching,evaluation,and accountability for performance.In order to support the operation of the modern vocational education system and reform of the vocational education governance system,the development of national vocational education professional teaching standards has been started in 2010.The National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan promulgated in 2019 also clearly pointed out the basic role of standards in the quality improvement of vocational education.At the same time,the development and implementation of standards has gradually highlighted some deep-seated problems and contradictions,how to understand and Solving these problems has become a major issue facing educational researchers.In this context,the existing theories of standard reform are analyzed here to analyze the theoretical basis,development mechanism,and implementation path of the development of common core standards in the United States,and try to put forward feasible suggestions for the development and implementation of professional teaching standards for vocational education.This paper is mainly divided into five chapters.The first chapter analyzes the background of the development of common core standards from the perspective of reflection and reconstruction.It mainly combines internal and external factors analysis,from the four aspects of the United States economy,politics,society,and education,and the problems existing in the development of standards.The struggle for local educational power,the United States adopted the theoretical and practicaldemonstration of the standard reform model,and ultimately chose to jointly develop,plan and implement common standards in the model of interstate cooperation.The second chapter tries to take the three-dimensional entity target of the common core standard,the three guiding principles,and the three-level content framework as the basic starting point according to the thematic framework and basic elements of the common core standard.Improve the framework and content of the standard.The third chapter analyzes the standard development mechanism from the perspective of positioning and norms.The United States takes the development of high-quality and high-level common core standards as the basis and starting point for the reform of career and technical education.Therefore,this part analyzes the main constituent elements of the common core standard,such as the organizational body,development basis,and technical processes.The fourth chapter discusses the implementation path of the common core standards from an efficient and appropriate perspective.The implementation of standards is based on the pursuit of value consensus,the implementation of matching research as the basis,the development of learning programs as the key to implementation,and the promotion of performance accountability as the guarantee of implementation.The fifth chapter starts from the four aspects of development concept,development main body,development mechanism,and implementation strategy,the experience in standard development is analyzed on the basis of training objectives,standard framework,development main body,technical means,training mode,and performance accountability.From education rights,Standard consensus,the three dimensions of resource allocation summarize the deficiencies in the implementation of the standard.The sixth chapter compares the alternative professional teaching standards between China and the United States from the perspective of comparison and transcendence.It mainly analyzes and compares the four aspects of structural framework,development mechanism,implementation path,and guarantee mechanism.Problems and point out possible reform proposals.Finally,the shortcomings of this research and the prospects for subsequent research are pointed out.