Research On The Development And Application Of The Evaluation Scale Of Junior High School Students' Conjecture And Hypothesis Ability

As the times call for the development of students' scientific inquiry ability,as an important part of students' scientific inquiry ability,it is of great significance to cultivate and develop students' conjecture and hypothesis ability.However,in the actual teaching,it faces many difficulties and obstacles.Through comprehensive discussion and analysis,this study focuses on the main question of how to evaluate the ability of conjecture and hypothesis of junior high school students.Specifically,it can be divided into four sub-questions: what is the current status of evaluating students' conjecture and hypothesis ability research,and what is the problem? How to evaluate the ability of conjecture and hypothesis of junior high school students? How to explore the practice through case studies? How to use the evaluation results of junior high school students' conjecture and hypothesis ability? Then,according to the idea of "analysis--construction--test--correction--formal application",comprehensive use of quantitative evaluation and qualitative evaluation,the development and application of the scale are carried out.First of all,review the relevant literature at home and abroad,analyze and grasp the current situation,development trend and problems related to the design and application of evaluation scale.And make sure to cut in from the perspective of classroom observation,compile the assessment scale of junior high school students' conjecture and hypothesis ability,which is suitable for classroom observation,and start the application research of the scale.Secondly,in the process of formulating the scale,the basic elements of the scale are firstly determined,which are composed of the subject,process and content of conjecture and hypothesis.Then,according to the steps of determining the evaluation index,evaluation standard,and quantified points,the first draft of the scale was obtained,as well as designed worksheets and classroom observation records,as an auxiliary tool when the scale is applied.Subsequently,the scale was tested twice and modified once,and the PTA evaluation scale of junior high school students' conjecture and hypothesis ability was finally determined.The reliability and validity of the scale are analyzed,and the result is good,indicating that the scale can be applied formally.Afterwards,when using the scale to evaluate students' conjecture and hypothesis ability,information is collected from multiple angles through after-class interview,classroom observation and other methods,so as to accurately reflect students' conjecture and hypothesis ability level.In this paper,three typical classroom cases are selected for detailed analysis of the results,and a questionnaire survey is conducted among these students.Based on the above analysis,the current situation and problems of junior high school students' conjecture and hypothesis ability level is obtained.It is found that the junior high school students' conjecture and hypothesis ability levels are uneven,and the overall level is general and so on.And the reasons are analyzed from seven aspects: the students' understanding,the teachers' attitude,the preview before class,the students' classroom psychology,the duration of the conjecture and hypothesis link,the students' knowledge experience,and the students' opportunity to establish the guessing and hypothesis.Finally,based on this,the strategies to improve the level of conjecture and hypothesis ability of junior high school students are obtained: 1.Strategy of putting scale in front;2.Strategy of putting scale behind;3.Strategy of forming scale first;4.The strategy of forming scale after.And through the heterogeneous way of the same class,the feasibility and similarities and differences of these four strategies are illustrated.Therefore,through the application of the scale,it reflects that the evaluation index system can not only determine the junior high school students' conjecture and hypothesis ability level,but also improve the corresponding ability level.