The Study Of Students’ Ability In Physical Conjecture And Hypothesis

Conjecture and hypothesis is the main method of scientific research,is essential for understanding scientific development. In science inquiry activity, conjecture and hypothesis is one of the core elements, it is the most active and most innovative activities of all the links. At the same time, it is also the essential role in each link, on the one hand, it has carried on the science to questions of predicted, on the other hand, for the next part of planning, the experiment provides a wizard. With the deepening of the curriculum reform research, people more and more aware of the importance of guess and suppose ability, study the students’ ability of guess and assume that there is no doubt is of great significance. This article summarizes the conjecture and hypothesis in the application and role of the high school physics learning, discusses the general method of conjecture and assumptions made, and the students’ ability in physics conjecture and assumptions are investigated. According to characteristics of the elements of conjecture and hypothesis, the author by reading lots of literature at home and abroad, targeted to compile to explore the questions of guess and suppose ability, and develop the scientific "physical guess and suppose ability evaluation of PTA scale", get the following conclusions:(1) the current high school physics guess ability is generally poor. (2) generally speaking, the high and high three students no significant difference in the ability to conjecture and assumptions. (3) male and female students guess hypothesis ability difference is not obvious. (4) the students’ guess and suppose ability and knowledge level have relations. High knowledge level, strong ability to use knowledge, often suspect hypothesis ability is strong. (5) the students in the guess, mainly using the method of analogy, imagine, hypothesis put forward. (6) students guess proposed the following defects:superficial and one-sidedness and fuzziness. (7) high school students to conjecture and assumptions in the main thinking obstacles include:first impressions are most lasting, misconceptions interference; Caused by the inappropriate analogy; Cognitive structure is not reasonable cause obstacles; Do not pay attention to hidden factors; The lack of obstacles caused by divergent thinking ability. And according to these results some useful teaching Suggestions are put forward.