Analysis Of Sports Biomechanical Characteristics Of Taiji(Eight Methods And Five Steps)

Taijiquan is the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage,which has a history of more than 300 years.With its unique health care and rehabilitation effect,Taijiquan has gradually gained global recognition.Taijiquan is a traditional boxing with the dialectical ideas of Taiji,Yin and Yang in Chinese traditional Confucian and Taoist philosophy as the core,with both internal and external practice,combining strength and softness.It is the way of Taiji,the theory of nature,the body of martial arts and the law of fitness.It is the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation.In August 2018,in order to carry forward the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation and better promote and publicize the culture of Taijiquan,the State General Administration of Sports made a systematic integration from the common characteristics of Taijiquan--"eight methods and five steps".Formed a set of cultural,fitness,simple Taijiquan entry routine-Taijiquan(eight methods and five steps).The proposal of the outline of the healthy China 2030 Plan not only provides policy support for the promotion and development of Taijiquan,but also gives Taijiquan a new era mission.However,in the process of inheriting and promoting Taijiquan,most of them use oral teaching,words and deeds,lack of scientific data support.This paper combines the traditional theory and method of Taijiquan,uses Motion three-dimensional dynamic capture equipment and 32-lead BTS FREEEMG300 portable wireless surface EMG equipment to study the kinematics and muscle activity characteristics of Taijiquan(eight methods and five steps),reveals the characteristics of common technical movements of Taijiquan,and expounds its inherent fitness value.The conclusions are as follows:(1)In the nine movements of Taijiquan(Eight methods and Five steps),the changing trend of the body center of gravity in the vertical axis(up and down direction)has ups and downs.On the whole,the body center of gravity moves up and down on the vertical axis with the flexion and extension of the knee joint.It reflects the boxing characteristic of Taijiquan that "stand as steady and live like a wheel" means that the center of gravity of the body maintains a relative stability on the vertical axis when practicing Taijiquan.(2)In the nine movements of Taijiquan(Eight methods and Five steps),with the change of movement,the center of gravity of the body changes alternately between the two legs,which reflects the boxing characteristics of Taijiquan.In each group of movements,the angle of the knee joint is maintained in a large range,and the angles of the shoulder joint and knee joint on both sides follow the characteristics of reverse symmetry that one side increases and the other becomes smaller,which makes the balance between the front and back of the body stable.It reflects the boxing feature of Taijiquan that "there must be back support in the process of going forward".(3)In the nine movements of Taijiquan(Eight methods and Five steps),the muscle activation time sequence tested showed that "the proximal link muscle group was prior to the distal link muscle group".The overall activation sequence is that the lower limb muscle group is activated before the core muscle group and then transferred to the upper limb muscle group.(4)In the nine movements of Taijiquan(Eight methods and Five steps),the anterior bundle of deltoid muscle in the upper limb muscle group overcomes a larger resistance arm under nearfixed contraction,and the muscle activation degree is higher,which accords with the principle of laborious lever in exercise biomechanics.from the point of view of the activation degree of the whole muscle group tested,the lower limb muscle group still plays a major role,especially the participation of rectus femoris,medial femoris muscle and biceps femoris muscle makes the knee joint flexion and extension flexion and extension.Tibialis anterior muscle and gastrocnemius muscle are antagonistic muscles to make ankle do metatarsal flexion and dorsiflexion,which provides a necessary condition for stabilizing the center of gravity and movement transformation of the body.