Analysis And Setting Of Electricity Experiments Of High School Physics

Both the new curriculum standard and the exam outline put forward that we need to carry out the fundamental task of cultivating a virtuous person through the requirements and examinations of students,lay the foundation for the lifelong development of students,and promote the inheritance of human science and the development of society.At the same time,we have also made specific requirements for the examination of our physics in the electrical experiment: on the one hand,we have planned the content and form of the examination;On the other hand,we have planned the examination ability and the qualities that students need.The abilities required by the new curriculum standard in physics subject mainly include: scientific inquiry ability,ability to design inquiry scheme and ability to understand the essence of science.The abilities required by the exam outline in physics subject mainly include: understanding ability,reasoning ability,analysis and comprehensive ability,application of mathematics to deal with physical problems,and experimental ability.The college entrance examination not only examines the knowledge of electrical experiments,but also pays attention to the examination of experimental ability,and puts the examination of ability in the first place.The examination of ability is not isolated,but also examines the related ability to varying degrees while focusing on the examination of a certain ability.However,in the teaching process of electricity experiments in high school physics,we usually only pay attention to teaching students the knowledge content of electricity experiments,but the requirements for the ability of electricity experiments are slightly insufficient.This paper mainly uses comparative method,classification research method and statistical analysis method.Firstly,the curriculum standards and exam outlines are sorted out,and their examination requirements for the knowledge content and ability of electrical experiments in physical of the college entrance examination are analyzed.Then,the electrical experiment contents in the high school physics textbook are sorted out,and the specific experiment contents and examination sites are analyzed.Then,the electrical experiment test questions in the national examination paper of physics for the college entrance examination from 2010 to 2019 are sorted out from the aspects of examination content,examination score ratio and examination emphasis,and the trend and required ability of the electrical experiment test questions in the college entrance examination are analyzed.Finally,according to the requirements of curriculum standards and examination syllabus,and according to the proposition characteristics and trends of electricity experiment questions in physics of college entrance examination in recent years,the selfproposition of electricity experiment questions in high school physics is carried out based on the basic electricity experiment model.The study found that under the requirements of the new curriculum standard and the exam outline,there are generally five types of electrical experiment questions in the national physics examination paper of the college entrance examination: transfer experiment,application experiment,design experiment,inquiry experiment and “research learning” experiment,each of which has its own characteristics,and the examination of students' knowledge and ability is also different.Specifically,transfer experiments can be said to be “derived from but different from teaching materials”.They use “learned experimental methods” and “used instruments” to carry out new experiments,that is,“use new methods for old experiments” or “use old methods for new experiments”,to examine students' ability to transfer knowledge.Applied experiments mainly take practical problems and situations as the background to make propositions and examine students' ability to solve practical problems.Design experiment is to design an experimental scheme according to the purpose,requirements and equipment given by the topic,mainly to examine students' comprehensive application ability of knowledge.The inquiry experiment emphasizes the word “inquiry” and the topic is open to a certain extent.It mainly examines students' innovative ability.The “research learning” experiment takes the problems encountered by students in carrying out research-based learning activities as the background proposition and mainly examines students' divergent thinking ability.On the self-proposition,by combining the requirements of the new curriculum standard,the examination outline and the characteristics of the current electrical experiment examination questions for the college entrance examination,we start from the transfer electrical experiment examination questions and achieve “originating from but different from the teaching materials” on the proposition.The electrical experiment test question we ordered with “use new methods for old experiments” is a test question to measure resistance by bridge method.The electrical experiment test question made by “use old methods for new experiments” is a test question that measures temperature with thermistors,so as to comprehensively examine students' knowledge and ability.Through the research,it can be concluded that the essence of the college entrance examination is for our need to cultivate talents,and the direction of the examination questions of the college entrance examination is also for the need to cultivate talents.According to the guidance of training talents,the new curriculum standard and the exam outline put forward specific requirements on the examination content and examination ability of the college entrance examination.We require students to have this knowledge by examining the knowledge content,and we require the development of students' thinking quality by examining the students' ability.Therefore,in the teaching process of electrical experiments in our high school physics,we should not only pay attention to the teaching of students' experimental knowledge,but also pay attention to the cultivation of students' experimental ability,which is also the requirement of our physics literacy.