| Research Objectives : A sequence scale was developed based on the developmental characteristics of standing long jump of children aged 3-6 years in China.The relationship between it and morphology and standing long jump performance was found through the action development sequence scale as well as understanding the morphological and standing long jump performance characteristics of children's action development sequence.Through the characteristics of standing long jump,different doses of sports games were implemented.Research method:(1)The standing long jump test was carried out on 593 children aged3-6 from 4 kindergartens in Wuhan and Guangxi.2d camera technology was used to capture children's standing long jump and Dartfish software was used to analyze the Angle index of standing long jump and TGMD-3 skill score.(2)The morphological index and standing long jump performance of children were measured by test method,and the characteristics of standing long jump were analyzed by combining with the development sequence of standing long jump in this study.(3)According to the characteristics of standing long jump,252 children from three kindergartens in Wuhan and Guangxi were studied by experiment.Research results:(1)The results of standing long jump and kinematics parameters were analyzed by stepwise regression.The results showed that the sequence 1 starting Angle,the minimum hip Angle in the air,the maximum shoulder Angle in front of the swing,the maximum cushioning hip Angle,the maximum cushioning knee Angle in the take-off,and the knee Angle in the instant off the ground gradually enter the equation,and the total determining coefficient was0.619.In Sequence 2,the taking off Angle,the minimum hip Angle in the air,the maximum shoulder Angle in the rear swing,the maximum shoulder Angle in the front swing,the knee Angle immediately off the ground,the landing Angle,the maximum cushioning hip Angle in the take-off,and the hip Angle immediately off the ground were gradually entered into the equation,and the total determining coefficient was 0.647.In sequence 3,the Angle of take-off,the maximum cushioning hip Angle of take-off and the knee Angle at the moment ofdeparture from the ground were gradually entered into the equation,and the total determining coefficient was 0.433.(2)By comparing the quantitative results of this study with the qualitative Seefeld scale,it was found that the Seefeld scale mainly describes the trunk movement characteristics of children in the take-off stage,but ignores the characteristic description of the back swing,the airborne stage and the landing stage in the pre-pendulum stage.Therefore,necessary modifications were made on the basis of Seefeld research,and the features of links that were easily recognized by the naked eye were supplemented.(3)Comparing with TGMD-3,it was found that the evaluation of motion sequence development in this study indicates the key links and process characteristics of motion sequence development,which had a higher correlation with the performance(r=0.493,P<0.05).(4)There were significant differences in the sequence distribution between the three age groups(P < 0.01).With the increase of age,the proportion of boys and girls in sequence 1decreased,while the proportion of girls in sequence 2 increased gradually,and the proportion was the highest in all age groups.Among the morphological indexes,height,forearm length,full length of lower limb and hand length entered the progressive regression equation of the development sequence and morphological indexes of standing long jump,and the contribution of body shape to the detection sequence was 13.5%.With the development of children's standing long jump motion sequence,the standing long jump performance increased significantly(P < 0.01).(5)Chi-square test results showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in hengxian yinhe yixing kindergarten(240 min)after the test(P > 0.05).The sequence distribution of the experimental group and the control group were significantly different in the third kindergarten(480 min)and poly garden kindergarten(720 min)in Guangxi(P < 0.05).The initial score of the third kindergarten of Guangxi direct organ(480 min)was lower than that of poly garden kindergarten(720 min),but the increase was greater than that of poly garden kindergarten(720 min).Through theanalysis of covariance,it was found that the initial score has a significant effect on the increase(P < 0.05).Research conclusions:(1)The development characteristics of standing long jump for children aged 3-6 were summarized in the standing long jump sequence scale for children aged 3-6 prepared in this study.The scale indicated the key links of the movement,which was convenient for practice and reflected the process characteristics of movement development,so it was effective.(2)Although the development of children's standing long jump was related to age,it did not increase linearly with age.Morphological characteristics were not decisive factors for the development of standing long jump.(3)The intervention of 480 minutes of sports games might be the minimum effective dose to promote the development sequence of standing long jump and the significant change of standing long jump performance in children. |
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