The Influence Of Children's Migration On Employment Participation And Employment Quality Of Rural Migrants

With the acceleration of urbanization in China,family migration has gradually become the mainstream migration mode of floating population in recent years.In view of the fact that the reform of the household registration system has not been completed in China,there are still a large number of floating populations of agricultural household registration in China.Therefore,this paper focuses on this group,namely the rural migrants.Further,considering that the main purpose of migrants moving to cities is to work,this paper links family migration with the employment situation of migrants,and explores the impact of children's migration on the employment of migrants in rural areas.Through the past literature,we can see that the current academic study of family migration has a greater impact on the employment participation of rural migrants,but the research focus is more on female groups,while ignoring the research on the overall employment quality of rural migrants and the potential gender differences behind the impact.However,whether to participate in employment and the quality of employment are two interrelated links,which respectively reflect the breadth and depth of the employment of rural and urban immigrants.Linking the two in this paper will not only help to make up for the gaps in current research in related fields,but also help to deepen the understanding of the relationship between children's migration decision-making and the behavior of rural migrant labor market.In the theoretical analysis part,this paper first uses the family division of labor model to explain the intrinsic influence mechanism of children's migration on the decision-making of rural residents' employment participation in different genders.Then,for the rural migrants who continue to participate in the job market,this paper explores the possible path and potential gender differences in the impact of children's migration on the employment quality of rural migrants,and makes assumptions based on this.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: First,the children's migration has a significant negative impact on the employment participation of female rural migrants,but has no significant negative impact on male rural migrants;Second,for the rural migrants who continue to participate in employment,the children's migration can significantly improve the employment quality of the rural migrants,and the degree of improvement in the employment quality of male migrants in the rural areas is significantly higher than that of females;Third,based on different family characteristics,job characteristics and individual characteristics,there is a heterogeneous effect of the influence of children on the employment quality of rural migrants.Based on the above theoretical analysis and empirical results,this paper proposes the following five policy recommendations: The first is to relax the restrictions on enrollment of children in different places,and effectively solve the problem of “difficulty in entering school”;The second is to break the traditional gender stereotypes and release the vitality of the female employment market;The third is to increase the re-education and vocational training of the floating population and improve the human capital level of the rural migrants;The fourth is to improve the public service and social security system and earnestly safeguard the rights and interests of the rural migrants;The fifth is to accelerate the reform of the household registration system and create a fair employment environment.