The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence Technology On The Employment Skill Structure

The fourth industrial revolution has arrived,with artificial intelligence technology as its core.Compared with previous industrial revolutions,this industrial revolution is more inclusive,broader and more influential.All countries in the world will usher in a profound and systematic change.With the in-depth development and universal application of artificial intelligence technology,it will not only bring about large-scale changes in employment,but also cause a radical change in the structure of employment skills.With the development of artificial intelligence technology from the exploration stage to the mature stage,whether this technology can better play a positive role requires continuous thinking and exploration.Under this background,this article systematically studies the influence of artificial intelligence technology on employment skill structure along the thinking of raising problems-analyzing problems-solving problems.First,this article is based on Marxist political economics,on the basis of reading a large number of relevant documents,summarizes the theory of the relationship between technological progress and employment,and combines the theory of organic composition of capital,the theory of industrial reserve army,etc.to deeply summarize the relationship between technological progress and employment,and analyzes the transmission mechanism of the impact of technological progress on employment: technological progress has "substitution effect" and "compensation effect" on employment.On the one hand,the widespread application of AI technology will have an impact on the original employment population and employment structure,resulting in technical unemployment and structural unemployment;On the other hand,the massive use of AI technology will create new industries and new demands,which will correspondingly increase the demand for workers with new technologies,thus increasing employment.Second,while theoretically analyzing the relationship between technological progress and employment,combined with the three booms in artificial intelligence development andthe characteristics of the division of employment skills structure,the mechanism framework for AI technology to affect the employment skills structure was constructed in stages,and the following conclusions were drawn: In the stage of AI technology exploration,artificial intelligence technology has upgraded the employment structure.In the mature stage of AI technology,artificial intelligence technology will lead to polarization of employment skills structure.Third,from different angles,the paper analyzes the current situation and existing problems of the development of artificial intelligence technology and employment skill structure in China.According to the descriptive analysis of the current status of China's AI technology development,it is found that despite the gradual increase in scientific research investment and IT fixed asset investment in China's provinces in recent years,there are obvious regional imbalances,and the overall comparison is low compared with developed countries.Through a descriptive analysis of the current status of China's employment skill structure,it can be seen that the upgrading of the employment skill structure coexists with the polarization of the employment skill structure.There is an obvious regional imbalance between different provinces,and the high,low and high employment skills are severely divided between urban and rural Moreover,the skill level of the employees themselves is significantly different from that required by the industry they are engaged in.Fourth,the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2017 were selected for empirical analysis,and the impact of China's artificial intelligence technology on employment was analyzed from the perspective of employment skills structure.The empirical results show that in the exploration stage of AI technology,artificial intelligence technology on employment The impact of the skill structure is characterized by upgrading.Then,a simple prediction is made on how AI technology will affect the employment skill structure in China in the future mature stage.It is believed that the employment skill structure will show polarization.Fifth,focusing on the goal of how to exert the positive effect of artificial intelligence technology progress on the labor market,a series of policy suggestions are put forward:give play to the guiding role of the government to promote the sound development of artificialintelligence technology;Optimizing the higher education system and strengthening the training of employment skills;Pay attention to the training and introduction of high-end talents and improve the supporting services for talents introduction.Improve the unemployment relief security system and innovate the reemployment training system;Promote the fair distribution of educational resources between urban and rural areas and narrow the skill gap between urban and rural areas.