Research On The Evolution Of Accountability System In China's Universities

In the past 70 years,China's higher education has gone through twists and turns.As an important institution of higher education implementation,the development process of colleges and universities is also quite bumpy.The autonomy of colleges and universities has been decentralized and recovered several times.The contradiction between colleges and universities and the government has also become the key to higher education reform.The 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China marked that China has entered a new historical period."People-oriented" and "quality" have become the direction and goal of social system reform.Modern university itself is a complex social organization,which not only needs to provide high-quality talents,advanced scientific research results and technology for the country,but also to meet the needs of many stakeholders,and also adhere to the core mission of teaching and educating people.However,at present,due to the multiple influences of market economy,international pressure and historical tradition,there are many problems in Colleges and universities in China,such as the decline of education quality,academic corruption and so on.One of the ways to solve these problems is to establish and effectively implement the accountability system in Colleges and universities.This study mainly uses historical analysis and literature method to sort out the evolution of accountability system in China's universities from 1949 to now.Based on this,this paper analyzes the internal and external causes of promoting the evolution of University accountability system,then summarizes its evolution characteristics,and finally discusses its development way.This research mainly includes the following four parts:Firstly,it studies the evolution of the accountability system in Colleges and universities in China,using the key nodes of historical institutionalism to find out the relevant major events and policies,which are divided into three periods and eight stages as the stage standard,and analyzes the characteristics of each stage,so as to provide a solid foundation for the following research.Secondly,it analyzes the reasons for the evolution of the accountability system in Colleges and universities.In this study,motivation is divided into internal motivation and external motivation.The internal motivation is the main force of higher education reform,that is,political,economic and academic forces.These three forces represent different interest groups,are also executors in the institutional change,and are the main driving force.The second is the reform of higher education system,which involves school running,management and investment.These three aspects of reform are not only the key to the reform of higher education,but also the best manifestation of institutional attributes,concepts and interests.Finally,the change of higher education idea is divided into two parts: the world higher education idea and the Chinese higher education idea.External motivation refers to macro environment,which includes external accidental impact,changes in economic environment,historical and cultural development and international influence.Thirdly,by combing the evolution of accountability system in Colleges and universities,we can find out the characteristics in the evolution process,which are political,educational,cultural and epochal,and then analyze each characteristic in detail.Politics refers to the relationship between the evolution of accountability system in universities and the government functions,educational policies,laws and policies and the leadership system of universities.Education refers to the construction and development of accountability system in universities and colleges,which is closely related to the core mission of universities and the essential attributes of higher education.Culture is a characteristic of high education at any time.It contains both advanced and traditional nature.The evolution of the accountability system has always been cultural.The era means that the evolution of the accountability system in Colleges and universities adapts to the development of the times and changes with the changes of the times.Fourthly,according to the evolution process,motivation and characteristics of University accountability system in China,this paper analyzes and summarizes the areas where the University accountability system still needs continuous optimization and development,and then puts forward the corresponding development path,that is,through the construction of accountability legal system,the improvement of accountability supporting system,the reconstruction of accountability culture and the realization of the diversification of accountability subjects.