Research On Key Sports Technical Characteristics Of Chinese Elite Active Male High Jump Athletes

Purpose of researchTo study the key sports technical characteristics and related technical indicators of the Chinese excellent male high jumpers whose result between 2.20m and 2.24m in the major domestic competitions between 2018 and 2019.By comparing with the key technical parameters of world-class elite male high jumper over 2.27m,exploring the key technical characteristics of my country's male high jumpers,finding the technical deficiencies of Chinese male high jumpers at the present stage,and putting forward the direction of improvement.It provides relevant technical parameter data for China's excellent high jumper and its coaches,and provides valuable reference for scholars in the research fields of back-flop high jump technology,high jump teaching and special training.Research methodsThis article takes high jump athletes whose result between 2.20m and 2.24m in major domestic competitions from 2018 to 2019 as the research object.Research methods such as the literature method,sports scene shooting method,video image analysis method,expert interview method and mathematical statistical analysis method are used to explore the sports technical characteristics of China's outstanding active male high jump athletes.Using sports scene shooting and video image analysis method to analyze the video image of the game video of China's outstanding male high jumpers with a score of 2.20m-2.24m in 7 games from 2018 to 2019,and the human body model uses Matsui's human body model Perform calculation processing,the data smoothing frequency is 6Hz.SPSS23.0 was used for statistical analysis of relevant technical parameters,and the maximum,minimum,percentage,and mean±standard deviation were used for descriptive statistics of the research objects.Independent sample T test and U test were used.Bivariate correlation analysis and ANOVA analysis were used to compare and test the differences between groups.The statistical significance level was set as:p<0.05.Research contentsThe main research contents are the technical characteristics and key technical parameters of the outstanding male high jumpers in China during the run-up phase,take-off phase,flight and clearance phase in the men's high jump events of some major domestic track and field events in 2018-2019.Research Results?1?The step lengths of the last two steps of the outstanding male high jumper in China are 2.14±0.10m and 2.01±0.08m,the step difference is 0.13±0.12m;The ratio of the step/height of the penultimate step is 110.57±3.71%,and the ratio of the step/height in the last step is 110.57±3.71%.?2?China's outstanding active male high jumpers have a run-up pace of 7.53±0.16m/s for the second step,a pace of7.32±0.24m/s for the first step,and an average speed of 7.43±0.19m/s for the last two steps.?3?The rate of run-up horizontal speed loss of outstanding active high jumpers in China is 2.79±1.83%,the rate of run-up speed conversion is 63.38±2.79%.?4?The value of the center of mass height H₁ of the outstanding active male high jumper in China when taking off and landing is 0.91±0.03m,and the ratio of H₁ to height is 47.17±0.73%;The value of the center of mass height H₂ when taking off the ground is 1.30±0.06m;The ratio of H₂ to height is 67.42±1.63%;the difference between the height H₃ and H₂ of the highest point of the raised center of mass is0.87±0.06m.?5?The horizontal speed of the outstanding male high jumper in China at the moment of taking off is 7.24±0.24m/s,and the vertical speed is-0.07±0.22m/s;the horizontal speed at the moment of taking off from the ground is 4.27±0.28m/s,vertical speed It is 4.59±0.20m/s;the conversion rate of vertical speed in the take-off phase is 64.34±4.70%.?6?The initial speed of China's outstanding active male high jumpers when taking off is 6.27±0.25m/s,and the rising angle is47.06±2.28o.?7?The active male high jumper in our country has a recline angle of20.09±1.69owhen taking off the ground;a roll angle of the trunk when taking off the ground is 5.34±2.21o;the distance from the center of mass projection of the body to the toe of the jumping foot is 0.06±0.02m.?8?The value of the highest point of the center of mass H₃ of the outstanding male high jumper in active service in China is2.24±0.02m,the vertical distance between H₃ and the crossbar is 0.02±0.20m;the distance of the center of mass displacement during the ascent is 1.85±0.17m.Research conclusions?1?The step pattern of the last two steps of China's outstanding active male high jumpers is similar to that of the world's excellent high jumpers,and it is a"big-small"step length mode.?2?The pace of the last two steps of the outstanding male high jumpers in China is lower than that of the world's excellent high jumpers,and the speed ability in the key stages of the run-up is weak.?3?The loss rate of running speed of outstanding male high jumpers in China is lower than that of world's excellent high jumpers,and the conversion rate of running speed is higher than that of world high jumpers.?4?The vertical speed of the Chinese outstanding active male high jumpers when taking off is significantly lower than that of the world's excellent high jumpers,and the high jump performance is positively correlated with the vertical speed when the takeoff is off the ground.?r=0.620,P<0.01?.Therefore,the vertical bouncing and take-off explosive power needs to be improved.?5?Reasonable match between the initial speed of the rise and the angle of the rise can produce suitable conditions for taking off.The initial speed and angle of rise of the active male high jumpers in China are lower than those of the world's excellent high jumpers.?r=-0.562,P<0.01?.?6?The value of the maximum height of the center of mass?H₃?of the outstanding Chinese high jumper is lower than that of foreign athletes when they take off,but they make better use of H₃,and they are more economical and effective.