Research On The Path Of Rural Collective Property Stock-Cooperative System Reform

The rural collective property stock-cooperative system is a property system based on the prerequisite of the insistence on farmer collective ownership by economic organizations,under the principle of stock-cooperative system,converts collective assets into individual shares,constructs collective property with materialized share as main form,and develops the common ownership into co-ownership by shares.Rural collective property stock-cooperative system reform is an important measure to protect the rights of farmers' personal property rights,enhance the dynamic of collective economic development,promote urbanization and improve our country's fundamental rural economy and operation system.It is a significant change that makes a profound effect on the overall developing strategy of our country.The pilot study of the reform initiates in Zhejiang,Guangdong and Shanghai.It aims to solve problems in the process of urbanization such as backward system of rural collective asset management,nonstandard collective income distribution.After several years of practice,these areas have reached a certain consensus on collective asset checking,collective assets quantitative range determining,collective share and individual shares settings,etc.There are a series of relatively uniform methods and procedures.Their useful explorations initially discuss about the necessity and feasibility of separating cooperation from village and share solidification.They also provide experiences about selections of collective economic organization development pattern.But the reform of this stage is halfway.With the expansion of the rural property rights system reform and the deepening of the level,the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC puts forward the new reform deployments:to improve the system of property rights protection,to give farmers rights over collective assets shares,such as possession,usufruct,disposition,and mortgage,guarantee and inheritance.The general secretary,Xi Jinping pointed out that we should endeavor to give farmers more property rights,clear property right,improve property power,activate the potential of all kinds of the rural production factors,and set up a new rural collective economic operation mechanisms in compliance with the requirements of market economy.In October 2014,the country started the overall layout of the rural collective property right pilot work.The whole city of Nanjing was approved to promote the rural collective property rights stock-cooperative reform,and became one of the national rural reform experimental areas.Nanjing analyzed the real local conditions,and learned from the successful experiences of the advanced regions.With rural property rights transactions as a breakthrough,Nanjing promoted the test of the rural collective property stock-cooperative system reform,and reaped some progress.This article mainly analyses from three perspectives of the subject,the object(the material basis)and the nature(the property rights)of the property.Three problems are left to be resolved as Nanjing attempts to extend the test effects of rural collective property share-cooperative system reform.First,the current legal provisions are not manifest about the subject of the rural collective property rights.Second,the development engine of rural collective economy as the material basis of collective property is underpowered.Third,the right of members' collective property is incomplete.The problems are not only caused by the remaining of chaotic relations and conceptual confusions from the old system reform,but also by factors such as restrictions from the real stage of development and the current development conditions.Combining these problems and their causes,this article puts forward four counter-measures and suggestions:firstly,to clarify the function positioning of the rural basic organizations;secondly,to strengthen the rural collective economy;thirdly,to empower and enliven the collective assets share in order;fourthly,to complete the law and policy system of rural collective property protection.This article attempts to explore the feasible mode to promote the reform of rural collective property stock-cooperative system,by "type"and by "step",and give the ideas of solving the long-term development problem of rural society and the rural collective economy after the reform.