Research On The Problem Of Policy Agricultural Insurance Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,nationwide rural poverty-stricken population has decreased by 68.53 million,accounting for over two thirds of absolutely poverty-stricken population.The poverty alleviation work has obtained decisive progress.The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China further raises request for the integration of poverty relief with ambition prompting and quality improvement.Government work report in 2018 points out that the country should devote greater efforts to targeted poverty alleviation and endeavor to further reduce over 10 million rural poverty-stricken households in this year.It is getting harder and harder to complete the 10 million annual objective in face of growing deteriorating poverty alleviation situations.In the decisive stage of the poverty alleviation,it takes more precise and more pertinent measures to accomplish the objective.Policy-guided agricultural insurance is an important tool in the targeted poverty alleviation work of China.As indicated by the fishing investigation statistics conducted by the State Council till late 2016,among over 70 million poverty-stricken farmers in 2016,20%of them fell into poverty by disasters.As a supporting and preferential agricultural tool which guarantees agricultural production,policy-guided agricultural insurance could effectively prevent farmers from falling into poverty or falling back to poverty;during the process of industrial poverty relief,policy-guided agricultural insurance could act as the umbrella on the way of industrial poverty relief and prevent any turbulence caused by drastic fluctuation of market price.Policy-guided agricultural insurance has a different character than commercial insurance.Characterized by the attributes and properties of overwhelming quasi-public goods such as positive externality and non-excludability consumption,policy-guided agricultural insurance as an important agricultural policy tool in agricultural income security might confront scant demand or market failure phenomenon across the world.In consequence,it is grouped as special quasi-public goods.Although Marx does not conduct theoretical study on "policy-guided agricultural insurance",many of his works have mentioned the term "insurance reserve fund" which shares similar functions with policy-guided agricultural insurance.The famous six necessary deductions raised in Critique of the Gotha Programme obviously reveal Marx's high attention on the importance of "reserve fund to be used for coping with misfortune and natural disasters".This thesis analyzes the source and property of Marx's insurance reserve fund according to the masterpieces such as Das Kapital and summarizes the enlightenment given by Marx reserve fund theory to the policy-guided agricultural insurance targeted poverty relief work of China.Pursuant to the development history of agricultural insurance in China for over eighty years and the development history of agricultural insurance in foreign countries,the operation of commercial insurance is not appropriate for the operation of policy-guided agricultural insurance.The policy-guided agricultural insurance which serves for real economy could not take into effect without government subsidy agricultural insurance.In addition,subsidy for policy-guided agricultural insurance conforms to WTO green box subsidy 1 policy.At present,agricultural subsidy in China is in a vertical structure wherein the central government grants 40%-45%,provincial government grants 20%-25%,county grants 10%-15%and farmer contributes 20%.As a public-welfare and policy-guided agricultural insurance,policy-guided agricultural insurance plays a more and more important role in targeted poverty alleviation work.This thesis observes policy-guided agricultural insurance from the Marx perspective and teases the development history of Henan Province policy-guided agricultural insurance targeted poverty alleviation.Principally taking the "Lu Family Mode"encouraged by Henan Provincial Government Work Report in 2018 as the example,the thesis conducts a path analysis on the fund support and risk compensation of policy-guided agricultural insurance targeted poverty alleviation in "Lu Family Mode" and attempts to put forward reasonable suggestions.