A Dynamic Comparative And Influencing Factors Analysis Of Manufacturing Trade Competitiveness In China And America

From reform and opening up to the present,numerous experience shows that the rapid development of China's economy is mainly due to the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry.The total output value of China's manufacturing industry has reached about 4 trillion and 500 billion dollars in 2017.The total output value of China's manufacturing industry has reached about 33% of the total output value of the world's total output,and the output value of China's manufacturing industry is two times that of the United States.Compared with the United States,the total output value of its manufacturing industry is only 11% of the GDP in the United States.Although China's manufacturing industry is booming,there is still a gap between China and a manufacturing powerhouse.With the development of the global economy,the national division of labor is becoming more and more common.Each country participates in the global value chain according to its own advantages,that is to say,a product will be completed by many countries.In such a global trade environment,it is no longer consistent with the total trade value of a country to measure the competitiveness of the country.In order to accurately measure the most authentic trade status of a country in the world,we should start from two aspects: the selection of rational index and the added value of trade.This paper recalculated the manufacturing competitiveness of China and the United States in the global value chain,and carried out a dynamic comparison of the results of China and US,trade competitiveness index.This article is divided into six main parts: the first part is the introduction,introducing the background and significance of the topic,sorting out the domestic and foreign literature,and introducing the research methods,the main difficulties and the unique innovation in the combination of the theory and the empirical.The second part is the theoretical basis of the article.This paper introduces the value added trade and two indexes to measure the competitiveness of trade,mainly introducing the total trade flow decomposition framework of Wang Zhi and Wei Shangjin on the basis of Leon's inverse matrix.The third part introduces the competitive situation of trade import and export in China and the American manufacturing industry.And the fourth part dynamically compares the trade competitiveness between China and theUnited States.The competitiveness of the manufacturing industry,from the two calibre of the traditional total export and added value export,statistics the display comparative advantage index and the trade specialization index of the Chinese and American manufacturing industries,and contrasts the results of the two calibre calculations,thus finding the difference in the competitive power of the trade in the two kinds of calibre.The fifth part studies the factors affecting the competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry from the perspective of added value,selecting R & D investment,labor cost,industrial scale,industrial competition intensity and exchange rate.The sixth part puts forward the policy recommendations of improving China's manufacturing trade competition according to the results of the above empirical part.The characteristics and innovations of this paper are the comparative analysis of the trade competitiveness of the Chinese and American 18 manufacturing industries in the global value chain.The selected data are from the latest data of the WIOD world input-output table.The subdivision of the manufacturing industry is based on the latest classification of the manufacturing industry of the world input-output table.The total trade flow is decomposed by the total trade flow decomposition method,which decomposes the value of the domestic creation included in the total export value,and calculates the trade competitiveness index according to the domestic added value.Through comparison and analysis of trade competitiveness based on trade competitiveness and value added trade calculation based on total trade value,the real trade competitiveness of the 18 manufacturing industries in China and the United States is understood,and the false cognition of the competitiveness of China and the United States is abandoned.Find the difference and change trend of the trade competitiveness between the 18 manufacturing industries of China and the United States,so as to improve the competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry competitiveness.