Study On The Low-carbonization Of Planting Industry In Perspective Of Modern Agriculture

Global warming caused by greenhouse gases has brought significant negative impact to human producing activities and living,endangering the ecological security,food security,water resources security,posing a threat to human survival.Various kinds of natural disasters such as extreme weather,drought and flood have frequently appeared,which have caused wide public concern about environmental protection and sustainable development.Research shows that agriculture has become the second largest source of greenhouse gases after industry.Therefore,carbon emission reduction in agriculture is an important measure to mitigate global warming.Chinese government has publicly pledged to reduce its carbon emissions by 40% to 45% from 2005 levels by 2020.Therefore,every industry,including agriculture,should make unremitting efforts to achieve our emission reduction targets.Planting is the most important part of agriculture.Unlike industry,planting produces both carbon emission and carbon sequestration.In the production process of planting industry,fertilizer,pesticide and other production materials are consumed,and the soil carbon sequestration is destroyed by ploughing and irrigation,resulting in carbon emission.At the same time,carbon is absorbed by crops through photosynthesis.Therefore,it is very important to reduce carbon emission and increase carbon sink of planting industry for the development of low-carbonization of agriculture.This study in the perspective of modern agriculture,compares the planting industry's low-carbonization development situation of Shanghai and Jiangsu under the two different modern agricultural modes,research the key drivers of the change of the planting low carbon level.It is of great significance to promote comprehensive planting's industry low-carbon development and even the low-carbonization of modern agriculture in our country.Based on the data of 2001-2015,this study compared the development of planting industry in Shanghai and Jiangsu from the three aspects of carbon sink,carbon emission and net carbon sink,and discussed the advantages and constraints of developing low-carbon planting industry in Shanghai and Jiangsu.Based on C-D production function,the main factors influencing net carbon sink are analyzed.Through empirical analysis,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The carbon sinks and carbon emissions of the planting industry in Jiangsu are larger than that of planting industry in Shanghai.The amount of carbon sink and carbon emission in Shanghai decreased year by year,while the amount of carbon sink and carbon emission in Jiangsu showed the trend of growth.(2)By comparing intensity of carbon emissions per unit output,the intensity of carbon emissions per unit of production,and the intensity of carbon emission per unit area,this study found that the low-carbon level of planting industry in Shanghai is far higher than that of planting industry in Jiangsu.(3)Through the calculation of the decoupling index,the study found that the planting industry in Shanghai and the planting industry in Jiangsu all showed decoupling states,but the quality of the decoupling development of the Shanghai planting industry was better than that of the planting industry in Jiangsu.(4)The most important factors of net carbon sink which influence the planting industry of Shanghai are the proportion of food crops planting area and land investment.While increasing investments in labor input and agricultural machinery arethe main factor of net carbon sinks increase of planting industry in Jiangsu.In summary of the foreign typical low-carbon agricultural development experience of developed countries,on the basis of the combination of the above empirical results,we put forward the following countermeasures for the planting low-carbon development in Shanghai and Jiangsu:(1)To improve the usage efficiency of carbon-type agricultural materials such as the chemical fertilizers,pesticides,and reduce the strength of usage.(2)To strengthen the development and promotion of agricultural energy conservation and emission reduction technology and rural renewable energy,and reduce the carbon emission of agricultural energy consumption.(3)To transform traditional farming methods,strengthen the construction of cultivated land quality,and improve soil solid carbon level.(4)To build a long-term mechanism for the inverstment diversification of agricultural low-carbon development.(5)To gradually implement the low-carbon agricultural ecological compensation mechanism.(6)To learn some experience from western developed countries to develop low-carbon agricultural development,and work out patterns to adapt to the actual situation of the countrysides in terms of time and locality.