Research On Farmers' Policy Recognition Of Three Rights Separation And Willingness To Land Conversion

Rural land transfers are the product of the rural economic development in China,but also the main form of land use change in rural areas.Now,a large number of rural labor influxes to cities and towns.Land of migrant workers will be transferred to other people.To achieve the separation of the main contractor and the business,so that the separation of the right to contract and management of land increasingly becomes the norm.In the actual process of circulation,the contractor of the farmland is willing to transfer the land but does not want to permanently lose it.At the same time,the farmers try to operate the land for a long time but are confronted with the land reclamation from the contractor at any time.Land property rights also failed to effectively activate.In order to address the problems,in 2016 the CPC Central Committee General Office and the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Improving the Methods of Separation of the Right to Operate the Contractual Right of Rural Land Ownership.The era of “Three Rights Separation” is coming.This policy cuts the two-way bond between farmers and land.Farmers can be liberated from land and realize free employment.Land can be utilized efficiently under marketing allocation.However,the policy will also provide farmers feel worried.Such as the Three Rights Separation will inevitably increase the cost of land use rights and the risk of large-scale operation.Farmers who want to apply for a mortgage loan through land use rights,the value of land is difficult to assess.Lack of standardized trading platforms and procedures is also should be solved.Therefore,on the basis of large-scale research on rural households,this paper uses fuzzy mathematics,logistic regression,and quantile regression to study the policy recognition of land flow-out,flow-in and non-transfer farmers,as well as their willingness to land conversion.It has far-reaching significance of promoting the circulation of land management rights in agricultural areas.The main results are as follows:(1)The policy recognition of all farmers was ranked in the following order: land flow-in farmers(0.401)> land flow-out farmers(0.354)> non-transfer farmers(0.338).Firstly,the reason for land flow-in farmers' policy recognition more than flow-out,is that land flow-in farmers' policy satisfaction and concerns significantly higher than flow-out.That is promoting land flow-in farmers' policy recognition.Secondly,the reason for land flow-out farmers' policy recognition more than non-transfer farmers,is that land flow-out farmers' policy awareness significantly higher than non-transfer farmers,although the policy satisfaction of non-transfer farmers is slightly higher.Different types of farmers have different levels of understanding of policies.They also have different priorities to policy satisfaction and concerns.(1)Policy awareness.Land flow-out and flow-in farmers have greater policy awareness than non-transfer farmers,but most farmers have said they have not heard of “the Three Rights Separation”,indicating that most farmers have a slight understanding of the policies and regulations,but they do not know this policy is called the Three Rights Separation.(2)Policy satisfied.The land flow-out and flow-in farmers have the most emphasis on the division of Three Rights Separation,which can promote circulation and reduce land reclamation,while non-transfer farmers attach more importance of the issue of farmland ownership.(3)Policy concerns.Land flow-out and non-transfer farmers have the highest degree of concern about the difficulty in evaluating the value of the farmland management rights.Land flow-in farmers most concerned about the ownership.If they cannot repay loans,the rights of farmland will be injured.(2)Non-transfer farmers have low recognition of the policy,so policy factors have not been included in the indicator of circulation willingness.For non-transfer farmers,the total family labor force,actual cultivated land area and family annual income are significantly positively associated with the willingness to transfer farmland.Agricultural income is significantly negatively related to the willingness to transfer farmland.Quantile regression found that when the total household labor force between 2 to 4,the more family labor force,the less likely the non-transfer farmers to flow-out.When the total family labor force reaches 5,non-transfer farmers are unwilling to flow-out,but not significant.When the family's annual income is less than 16,the willingness to transfer increases with the increase of farmers' annual income,and when the family's annual income can reach 16 or more,the willingness to transfer farmland will decrease slightly as income increases.(3)After the implementation of the Three Rights Separation,land flow-out farmers are more satisfied with the right to land contractual rights to enter the city,and the stronger its willingness to turn agricultural land.From other aspects,there is a significant positive correlation between education level and willingness to transfer farmland.Existing cultivated area and existing housing area is significantly negatively related to the willingness.Famers once had disputes will also significantly negatively to affect their willingness.Quantile regression found that when the education level of farmers is lower than junior,the transference tendency of farmers with rural education is slightly reduced.When the education level is better than junior,the higher education level farmers have,the more willingness.When the farmer's existing arable land area are relatively small,the input and output of farmland are relatively small,and farmers tend to be less inclined to transfer out.When arable land size is normal,farmers are willing to choose their own cultivation,and the tendency of farmers to be unwilling to transfer became larger.When the existing large area of arable land,large areas of the flow is relatively easy to achieve.They can get more income,so farmers tend to flow gradually.(4)Land flow-in farmers can be more satisfied with the policy advantage of using land management rights to ask for mortgage loans after the implementation of Three Rights Separation,and their willingness to transfer will be stronger.But at the same time,if they are more worrying about paying off mortgage loans,and the possible risk to loss of the farmland rights,the willingness to transfer will be significantly weakened.In addition,the actual cultivated land area and the willingness to transfer farmland management rights into households are significantly positively related.Finally,built on the research conclusions,this paper suggests that: For non-transfer farmers,it should enrich the secondary and tertiary industries,increase employment opportunities,actively explore paid exit of land contracting rights,and optimize the allocation of resources.For land flow-out farmers,the operation rights of agricultural land should be protected.Establish rural land transfer intermediary service agencies,improve the information service management system,and explore the Three Rights Separation of homestead.For land flow-in farmers should accelerate the promotion of the policy and increase the right to mortgage loans for farmland management rights,improve the basic management system of farmer households,and improve farmers' ability to resist various risks.