Analysis Of Realization Form Of China's Rural Land Collective Ownership Of The New Era

The “Three Rural Issues” has always been the key and difficult issue that the government concerns.The essence of China's “Three Rural Issues” in the new era is its rural land system because land is one of the most important and basic means of production and it directly correlates with farmers' vital interests.The related theories of Marxism classic writers mainly include Marxist theory of land property rights,Lenin's agricultural cooperative thoughts,and Stalin's agricultural collectivization thoughts,etc.All these foregoing thoughts profoundly affect the reform and development of China's rural land system.This paper will discuss the practical problems of the new era's rural land system,study the status quo of rural areas under the direction of related theories of Marxism classic writers,seek for new form of ownership on the basis of insistence on rural land collective ownership,finally breaking through the “Three Rural” dilemma.Following such train of thoughts,the main content of this paper will cover:The innovation and development of related theories of Marxism classic writers in China.At every stage since the founding of new China,Marxism classic writers' theories profoundly influenced decision-makers on system choosing;while at the same time,they were also innovated and developed by decision-makers based on China's specific conditions.Under the direction of related theories of Marxism classic writers and based on the characteristics of the times,all the previous leading body of Chinese Communist Party reformed and innovated China's land system constantly.The successful combination of related theories of Marxism classic writers with China's actual practice not only indicates the successful application and development of the basic tenets of Marxism in China,but also serves as a good example for Sinicization of Marxism.The realization form of rural land collective ownership in practice.On the basis of insistence on the rural land collective ownership,people have been exploring various forms of land management according to their local conditions.For example,two-field system,auction of “four barren lands”,community land stock cooperative system,land leaseback,etc.Although these modes of land management have some merits,but there are also many disadvantages,so they are not suitable for most parts of China.The problems of rural land and related direction of reform.Under the exploration of several generations of leading body,rural land collective ownership greatly promoted the development of rural economy and ensured the stability of the society.However,there are still many problems existing in the current rural land system,including nominal main body of the ownership,weak land mobility,imperfect land expropriation system,etc.As for these problems,some scholars put forward multiple solutions such as land privatization and land nationalization.However,the basic principles of Marxism tell us--Productivity determines production relations,the land system which falls behand or exceeds the development level of productive forces is not feasible.So,the land nationalization which surpasses the primary stage of socialism is definitely not feasible,and the land privatization is also not feasible because it deviates from socialist system.Therefore,the rural land system reform must be based on the collective ownership,and we need to seek for new realization form on this basis.The significance and practical path of the land collective ownership realization form-“Three-right Separation”.The realization of “Three-right Separation” for rural land which will implement the collective ownership,stabilize the farmers' contract rights,and enliven the land management rights is another great institutional arrangement of the Sinicization of Marxism.It clarifies the property right structure of the rural land of our country,and also clarifies the boundaries among ownership,contract rights and management rights,which will be helpful for solving the multiple problems appeared during the rural land development,for the circulation of rural land management rights,for the realization of the appropriate scale management of agriculture,and for the promotion of industrialization,intensification and modernization of agriculture.As for the specific implementation path of “Three-right Separation”,the government should improve the legal systems to provide policy support;improve power of contract right to realize the balance of interests between the contract right and the main body of the management right;strengthen the supervision over the circulation of management rights;respect the farmers' dominant position to let them give full play to the subjective initiative;and actively explore various realization forms of “Three-right Separation” on the basis of local conditions.