| In China,there are a series of problems such as the low income of farmers,the difficulty of financing by rural households,and the relative lag in rural financial reform.The financing of rural land management mortgage is one of the important ways to solve these problems and promote China's economic development.The mortgage financing of rural land management rights is a trend that adapts to the current rural economic development.It enhances the rural capital utilization rate and brings farmers a variety of financing channels and unprecedented convenience in production and life.In recent years,this business has achieved great development.However,as a new type of financial products,the risk of mortgage loans for rural land management rights in the process of development continues to be prominent,therefore,it is necessary and urgent to study the mortgage financing of rural land management rights from the perspective of risk and improve the risk assessment and compensation mechanism of rural land mortgage as soon as possible.In view of the fact that the majority of studies on the risk types of rural land management in China are based on the analysis of the perspective of rural financial institutions,the risk analysis of the rural household level is relatively lacking.Thus,from the perspective of farmer households,this paper combines empirical analysis and fully considers the willingness and demand of farmers,carries out risk identification and risk assessment on mortgage loans for rural land management rights,and continuously improves relevant risk prevention mechanisms to reduce the operating risks of farmer's farmland mortgages.It has important theoretical and practical significance for the smooth development of China's rural property rights work.In the first chapter of this article,on the basis of literature review,the relevant background,purpose,significance,and literature review of the study are described,and the research ideas and methods of this paper are determined,and the possible innovations of the paper are presented;The second chapter introduces the definition of farmland contracting rights,farmland management rights,rural land management rights mortgage,risks,and credit risk management,and then elaborates the theory of three rights division,land property rights theory,risk management theory,and comprehensive evaluation theory;The third chapter conducts risk analysis and identification on the basis of descriptive statistical analysis of research and investigation data in Yangling Demonstration Zone.Through certain methods,16 risk factors are determined,such as the degree of specialization of the agricultural assessment agency and the publicity of the law,etc.And using factor analysis method to 257 copies of questionnaires to extract common factors and name them separately;The fourth chapter elaborates the principle of establishment of risk evaluation index system,and selects indicators on this basis.From the perspective of farmers,the risk evaluation system of rural land management rights mortgage loan is determined,and a fuzzy-level comprehensive evaluation model is constructed.The fifth chapter uses the fuzzy-level evaluation method(F-AHP)to carry out an empirical comprehensive assessment of mortgage loan risk of rural land management rights based on practical survey data,and analyzes the evaluation results;The sixth chapter,from the perspective of risk assessment,establishes a relatively effective risk prevention system based on the minimization of the mortgage financing risk of rural land management.Based on the results of risk identification analysis and assessment,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)Farmers have higher capital needs and stronger willingness to lend,but they have low awareness and risk awareness of mortgage loans for rural land management rights.They generally believe that the risks of rural land management rights mortgage loans are more serious.(2)According to the factor analysis method to analyze risk factors of rural land management,and six risk public factors are extracted,which are self-loaning risks,farmland assessment risks,laws and regulations risks,market risks,livelihood risks and natural risks;(3)According to the analytic hierarchy process,rural land management rights mortgage risk index weight sorting as follows:laws and regulations risks> livelihood risks> natural risks> self-loaning risks> farmland assessment risks> market risks;(4)At present,the farmer's rural land management rights mortgage risk level is high,especially the laws and regulations and livelihood risk level are on the high side,the risk of agricultural land assessment and market risks are relatively low;(5)The main reasons leading to the higher overall risk of mortgage loan for rural land management rights may be: pests and natural disasters are difficult to cope with,the imperfect social security system,there are no strict requirements for the management of rural land loan ratios,the lack of family financing channels and the total assets of rural households,the imperfections of agricultural land assessment agencies,and the unprofessionalization of agricultural land appraisers,and the franco-prussian propaganda is not in place,loan interest rate fluctuations is bigger.Based on the above conclusions,we propose risk prevention policy recommendations:(1)reasonably avoiding risk.Improve laws and regulations and provide legal guarantee;increase government propaganda to increase farmers' risk awareness;(2)try to minimize risk.Improve cultural quality,cultivate professional farmers;improve the mortgage assessment system to improve the accuracy of valuation;deepen the reform of the rural social security system and weaken the land security function;reasonably determine the loan amount,adjust interest rate level and interest rate period;(3)effectively transferring risk.Improve the insurance mechanism for agricultural production,make use of the function of slow release of insurance risks,and establish risk warning and loss compensation mechanism to minimize the risk. |
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