Study On Large-Scale Land Management In Ulanchap City,Inner Mongolia

Taking the Ulanqab city,Inner Mongolia as the research area,this paper,which has adopted the methodology of comparative analysis and field research,and taken the theory of land scale economy,cooperative economy and land rent as the theoretical basis,has put forward corresponding measures and suggestions based on the analysis of the current situation,benefits and existing problems of scale operation of rural farmland.Specific research results are as follows:(1)The land circulation in Ulanqab city is mainly based on leasing and subcontracting,whose land areas account for more than 90% of those of the total land circulation.78.7 per cent of such transferred land has been transferred to farmers,farmers with high yields and cooperatives,with a smaller proportion of the land flowing into other individuals.(2)The overall level of scale operation of farmland in Ulanqab city is relatively low.The modes of scale operation of farmland with the cooperatives,farmers' collective organizations and agricultural companies remaining dominant are the representatives of the newly-developed models in the city.Natural conditions of land,demonstration and publicity,government promotion,farmers' willingness to participate,operators and rural land circulation are the main factors influencing scale operation of farmland.(3)With the model of scale operation of farmland,significant economic,ecological and social benefits have been gained.The per capita net income of farmers has increased by nearly 50%.Land rent,out-migrating for work and dividend on land shares have become the main source of income.Obvious changes in the farmers' income structure have already taken place and labors have effectively been set free.Agricultural production has been developing towards industrialization and branding.The division of labor in rural areas has been optimized,eliminating land abandonment.Improvement of water infrastructure has contributed to conserving water resources,hence the green,recycling and sustainable ecological agriculture.Straw recycling and utilization have reduced the atmospheric pollution while the scientific application of latest farming techniques and chemical fertilizers has improved the quality of soil environment.(4)The scale operation of farmland still has many problems in aspects such as government management,farmers themselves,land operators,and local government's guidance of policies on land circulation.Based on this,some measures and suggestions have been put forward,such as moving from the policy-oriented land circulation to scale operation of farmland,improving farmers' rights and interests,and promoting the reform of scale operation of farmland.