Research On The Temporal And Spatial Distribution Characteristics And Development Models Of Traditional Villages In Shaanxi Province

The traditional village was presented to the world in a weak cultural form when it was originally proposed.Five thousand years of Chinese accompanying with that the agricultural and rural civilization has a long history.As an important carrier of historical culture,traditional villages retain traces of cultural inheritance.It is a civilization that carries different regions,different historical periods and different cultural backgrounds.It is called the "living fossil of culture".The starting point of the"Silk Road" is located in Xi'an City which has the ancient civilization of the thirteen dynasties.Shaanxi Province is also the province where Xi'an is located in,the culture has a long history and the number of traditional villages is large.Therefore,this paper takes two batches of 323 provincial-level traditional villages that have been announced in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2017 as the research object,while analyzes its spatial distribution characteristics and distribution patterns under different geographical units and different influencing factors.In the context of the current rural revitalization,give full play to its own traditional advantages,inherit and protect this non-renewable and irreplaceable historical cultural heritage.On the basis of a large collection of literature materials and local county records about Shaanxi general history,this paper conducts visits and surveys of some villages,and combines the spatial analysis method under the ArcGIS10.0 platform and the spatial relationship analysis statistical software such as GeoDa.Meanwhile,analysis and research on two batches of provincial-level traditional villages announced in Shaanxi Province in 2015-2017.Firstly,the spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in Shaanxi Province are excavated and explored deeply.Secondly,using the correlation statistical analysis method in SPSS to test the natural and social factors that affecting the distribution of traditional villages.Finally,it is concluded that the characteristics of the distribution of traditional villages in Shaanxi Province,and further explore the mode of promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of the cultural resources of traditional villages in Shaanxi Province.The results of the research analysis indicate that:(1)In terms of spatial distribution agglomeration:traditional villages in Shaanxi Province have different distribution types in different geographical regions,forming three high-density core regions.On the whole,it has a more concentrated distribution characteristics in northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi,and its agglomeration is significant,while the Guanzhong area is relatively scattered.Among them,the northern part of Shaanxi is mainly concentrated in the area along the Yellow River in the eastern part of Yulin.The southern part of Shaanxi is mainly concentrated in Ankang City and Hanyin County.In the northern part of Yan'an in northern Shaanxi and the eastern part of Yulin,the trend of "Northeast-Southwest" shift is formed,the Guanzhong area has a tendency of "East-West" slightly northward.(2)In the traditional villages' gravity shift and spatial correlation:the traditional villages in Shaanxi Province have the same direction of gravity shift in the three geographical regions,still the trend from the first batch to the second batch is"southwest-northeast-southwest".These traditional villages are strong concentrated.Among them,the Guanzhong area's center of gravity shifts the most,spanning three counties,namely Sanyuan County,Pucheng County and Fuping County.The overall spatial correlation between the two batches of traditional villages is significant.Under the 99%confidence level,the null hypothesis can be rejected and a significant correlation is presented.(3)In the analysis of the influencing factors of traditional villages:the distribution of traditional villages is influenced by natural and social diversity factors.With the increase of elevation and topographic relief,the traditional villages show a"low-high-low" distribution pattern.In the range of 500-1200 meters and 1-2 level(0-50 meters)within the terrain fluctuation range,the distribution of traditional villages are the most concentrated;in the southeast and south slopes,the area within 3km of the water system is the most concentrated;population density,economic development level,urbanization rate and road network density are weakly negatively correlated with the number of spatial distribution of traditional villages.Where the value is higher,the number of traditional villages is less distributed;there is also a relationship between the dialect and the spatial distribution of traditional villages.There are three main gathering areas in the traditional villages of Shaanxi Province,namely the Wutai area in the north of Shaanxi and the Lvliang area,the Guanzhong Fenhe area,the bamboo shoots of southern Shaanxi and the small pieces of southern Shaanxi of Sichuan and Chongqing.(4)In the terms of traditional village development model:according to the spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in Shaanxi Province,it is divided into four distribution modes,namely diffusion type,polarization type,low valley type and backward type.Under different distribution modes,there are different problems and deficiencies in the development and planning of traditional villages.Therefore,in response to these shortcomings,proposes scientific and reasonable protection and development proposals,so that it can provides reference for the construction of "souls"in traditional villages.