Research On The Spatial Development Characteristics, Influencing Factors And Countermeasures Of Small And Medium-sized Coastal Cities

Since the reform and opening up,China has made certain achievements in the process of urbanization.The role of small and medium-sized cities in the urban system has become increasingly apparent and has gradually become an important core of regional economic development and population agglomeration.In China's rapid industrialization and urbanization movement,the prominent contradiction between man and serious waste of land resources in small and medium-sized coastal cities are typical problems in the development process of small and medium-sized cities.The lack of integrated thinking on the location construction of the new coastal area and the original old city has led to a series of problems such as unbalanced spatial layout and inefficient utilization.Under the background of "new normal",improving the spatial problems of small and medium-sized cities and building a harmonious and beautiful living environment are the key issues facing the urban planning discipline at present.This study takes Rushan as an example to explore the spatial development characteristics,influencing factors and development countermeasures of small and medium-sized coastal cities.Starting from thinking about the definition of space,this paper discusses the differences in the understanding of spatial categories among different disciplines,and sums up the concepts and features of urban space that are concerned by urban and rural planning disciplines.The functional attribute of urban space is the core attribute of urban space,and spatial function should be taken as the core perspective in spatial analysis.Functional units are the basic units that make up the urban space.According to the increase of the total number of functional units,the definition of different scales of space,the location transfer of functional units,the degree of function units' exertion and their functional differences,which reflect the agglomeration of different social groups,five analysis perspectives of spatial expansion,spatial hierarchy,spatial connection,spatial efficiency and spatial differentiation are obtained,which together form the perspective system of urban space analysis with the spatial functional perspective.According to the actual development of Rushan and existing data,this paper analyzes and selects five angles of spatial function,spatial expansion,spatial connection,spatial efficiency and spatial differentiation,and discusses the development characteristics of Rushan urban space with data and models.The analysis shows that the spatial development process under the pattern of "one city,two districts" in Rushan shows five main characteristics: the difference of spatial function,the stage of spatial expansion,the fracture of spatial connection,the inefficiency of spatial utilization and the dissimilarity of social space.The main influencing factors for the formation of Rushan's spatial characteristics are shown in the following aspects: macro background and resource endowment are the basis for the formation of the two regions;lack of location constraints and external forces lead to low-quality development of space;planning guidance and real estate drive promote the spread of urban space;mismatch of resources and multi-party entities affect the performance of spatial functions;industrial level and population outflow restrict the improvement of spatial efficiency;and the difference between functions and needs leads to spatial fragmentation and differentiation.Finally,taking Rushan as an example,this paper puts forward the countermeasures for the spatial development of small and medium-sized coastal cities.In view of the existing urban space problems in the coastal central urban space,the traditional model of "determining the size of a city by people" which has been greatly disturbed by human factors should be abandoned,and the boundaries of urban development should be delimited to limit the disorderly spread of urban space.The introduction threshold of spatial function should be set to ensure the normal operation of urban production function,improve the living service function of Binhai New Area,and build a global ecological network to protect the ecological function of urban space.Improving the accessibility of the city in macro-location can inject external power into the development of urban space,improve the internal traffic organization and strengthen the internal spatial connection of urban space;To improve the utilization efficiency of urban space through transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and introduction of high-efficiency new industries,it is also necessary to improve the management and management measures of urban space,to promote the transformation of urban management mode from "land finance" to "space finance",to define the scope of space under the jurisdiction of management bodies at all levels,to promote the residents of the two districts to form a development mode of Binhai New Area with shared interests,to master the spatial information dynamics of Rushan with the help of new technologies,and to ensure the sustainable development of urban space and the harmonious development of social groups.