Research On Chinese Machine Vocabulary In Luo Cunde's "Yinghua Dictionary"

Wilhelm Lobscheid's "English and Chinese Dictionary" is a masterpiece of missonary billingual dictionaries in the 19 th century,which contains a lot of new terms after western scientific and technological revolution.These vocabulary to some extent can reflect the naming norms of Chinese for scientific and technological concepts,and its evolution can also explain the normative principles of modern Chinese system for new vocabulary.The study of machine vocabularies always few people mentioned in the field of linguistics.This paper describes the characteristics and development of machine vocabulary on the basis of Wilhelm Lobscheid 's English-Chinese Dictionary.The author describes and studies150 machine words in Wilhelm Lobscheid's English-Chinese Dictionary.It is found that machine words are mainly composed of compound words and their semantic structure is "characteristic morpheme + generic morpheme".This paper describes them internally by means of literature retrieval,synchronic and diachronic combination,quantitative and qualitative combination,and explores the structural units and words formed by machine words.Rule of speech.Compared with previous bilingual dictionaries,contemporary missionary bilingual dictionaries and modern Chinese machine words,this paper studies the characteristics and development of machine words.This paper is divided into five parts:The introduction starts from the background of the emergence of the English-Chinese Dictionary,the introduction of the missionary bilingual dictionary and its English-Chinese Dictionary,the current research situation,the research value and the research methods.Based on the special position,historical background and research field of the English-Chinese Dictionary in the missionary bilingual dictionary,this paper concludes that the topic selection is of academic significance and operability.The Chapter 1 is the definition of machine vocabularies,the studied of machine vocabularies of "English-Chinese" "Chinese-English" in Wilhelm'dictionary in exrenso,and discussed the reasons of synonyms in Chinese word formation of one to many English words.The Chapter 2 is about the types of Chinese machine words in the English-Chinese Dictionary.This paper classifies them from the conceptual functional categories,the number of syllables and word formation.From the point of view of conceptual function,the machine words in Wilhelm Lobscheid's "English and Chinese Dictionary" can be divided into daily machines and industrial machines,and daily machines and industrial machines can also be divided into general daily machines,measuring daily machines and general industrial machines,measuring industrial machines.From the perspective of syllables,three syllablesaccount for the largest proportion of machine words,starting with four syllables.The part of speech is weakening and the part of phrase is increasing.From the structural point of view,this paper classifies the English-Chinese Dictionary machine vocabulary into two categories according to whether it contains the indicator " ? ",and then explores the relationship between the predicate and the object in the vocabulary according to the semantic characteristics of the predicate(zero reflecting predicate).In the second part,the author explores the syllabic performance of machine-type words with different lexicalization degree,and tries to start with the external grammatical attributes to explore the differences in the semantic structure of machine-type words with the same external grammatical attributes and the deep structure of machine-type words with different external grammatical attributes.The Chapter 3 discusses the configuration of common morphemes in machine vocabulary in Wilhelm Lobscheid's"English and Chinese Dictionary".This paper describes the morphemes of“?”“?”“??”“?”“?”“?”“?”“?”“?”and“?”,and analyses the conditions and frequencies of word formation.A case study of"machine"and"needle"shows that"machine"is the most stable morpheme in machine vocabulary,and that the substitution of"needle"as the Post-position morpheme of measuring machine is due to the influence of Japanese.The Chapter 4 is the characteristics and development of machine words in the English-Chinese Dictionary.The characteristics are mainly manifested in the internal and external aspects.Internal features are "free translation is the main,imitation translation is the auxiliary","single structure,morpheme semantic meaning","flexibility in synonymous expression form","diversity in semantic structure","inheritance" and "instability" in external features.Development from the structure and morpheme two aspects of analysis,comparing the English-Chinese Dictionary and modern Chinese machine words corresponding to the same concepts,find out the machine words in modern Chinese word-building more powerful structure and morphemes.Morphemes mainly talk about the decline or even disappearance of word-formation,the change of word-formation scope,and the stable morphemes of word-formation.