A Study On The Diachronic Evolution And Synchronic Distribution Of The Members Of The Conceptual Domain Of Chinese "play"

In our country,the history of the study of vocabulary is very long.However,in the past,the main research on lexical studies were "literal jerky and meaning difficult to understand" and "literally ordinary and special meaning".Scholars lacked due attention to the commonly used words with high frequency and important role.At the same time,the previous research on common words was mainly limited to the study of its diachronic evolution,but did not explain its synchronic distribution in modern Chinese dialects.To express the conception of"Engage in some kind of entertainment",we usually use the word "wan(?)" in Modern Chinese,"shua(?)" "xi(?)" "liao(?)""liuda(??)"and "baixiang(??)" are also said in some dialects,there were other different expressions,such as "ju(?)""ao(?)""you(?)",in the process of evolution and development of Chinese vocabulary,all of which we call it verbs of "playing"conceptual domain."Play" is included in the "Swadesh list" and is a common word in any languages.In ancient and medieval period,the members of the conceptual domain of "play" were mainly"xi(?)" "you(?)""ao(?)""xi(?)".Among them,the "xi(?)"and" you(?)"were the most commonly used,but not many examples of "ao(?)" and "xi(?".From Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties to Song,Jin and Yuan dynasties,"xi(?),,and "you(?)" were still the main members of this conceptual domain."ju(?)" expressed the meaning of "playing" was first seen in the Tang Dynasty."Shua(?)" was first appeared in the Tang Dynasty,but in the Tang and Song Dynasty,the use cases were less,and it developed rapidly in the Yuan Dynasty."Wan(?)"expressing"play" meaning had been used in ancient times,but until the time of Song,Jin and Yuan dynasties,there were not many examples."Wan(?)"mainly expressed the meaning of viewing.But in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the conceptual domain of "play" changed greatly.In the Ming Dynasty,"shua(?)" instead of "xi(?)" became the dominant word in the conceptual domain of "play".In the Qing Dynasty,"shua(?)" was replaced by "wan(?)" and"xi(?)""you(?)" declined.Throughout the modern period,among the three words of"xi(?)""ao(?)" and "ju(?)",only "xi(?)"was used slightly more during the Song,Jin and Yuan dynasties,and the rest of the use cases were rare."Xi(?)" can be replaced by "shua(?)",mainly due to two reasons of the semantic center of gravity and the process of language speed "Wan(?)" can eventually replace the "shua(?)" was mainly relying on the word "wanshua(??)".The power of "wan(?)" was growing,and the independence was getting stronger and stronger.The next is the study of "ju(?)" and "da(?)".First of all,I think the "ju(?)" meaning of"playing" is not its false meaning,but the extension of its "fast" meaning.Secondly,the"da(?)"meaning of "playing" should have been produced in the Northern and Southern Dynasties,but only concentrated in the two words of "daqiu(??)" and "dacu(??)".The distinction between playing and knocking is not obvious.The last chapter,referring to "the Chinese dialectal atlas "and other dialectal materials,we describe the distribution of "play" concept domain in modern Chinese dialects,and make a diachronic interpretation of this synchronic distribution.By combining the two aspects of vertical and horizontal,the concept domain can be better understood and grasped.And this can also make a little contribution to the research of common words.