Research On Xinjiang's Fiscal Transfer Payment System And Public Service Equalization

The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region is the provincial administrative region which is the largest land area and has the largest borderline and the longest land border.It has 55 ethnic groups.In 2016,it has 2.4million people,including 1.4 million ethnic minorities.The Xinjiang Autonomous region has a large number of mineral resources,biological resources,traditional Chinese medicine resources,agriculture and animal husbandry resources,which plays an important role in Economic and Social Development.Since January 2017,The State Council had issued a plan on the promotion of equalization of basic public services in the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan.The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region actively explored and discussed the detailed rules for promoting Equalization of basic Public Services.In 2016,Public expenditure on people is about 74.4%of total fiscal expenditure.Autonomous region uses financial transfer payment as an important means to promote the equalization of basic public services.The government perfects the transfer payment systems as an urgent need to narrow the regional gap and promote the coordinated development of the whole region economy and society.Since the second Central Xinjiang work Symposium was held in 2014,the total economic volume of various regions,states and cities in Xinjiang has been continuously expanded and social undertakings have been continuously developed,however,there are still some problems in the allocation of financial funds and the financial transfer payment system.There are still huge differences in financial resources among different regions,states and cities.The adjustment of the horizontal and vertical imbalance of financial resources in all parts of Xinjiang,states and cities,and the gradual realization of equalization of public services have a bearing on the long-term stability,national unity and social stability of all regions,states and cities in Xinjiang.This paper is based on the practice of fiscal transfer payment system in Xinjiang Autonomous region and analyzes the supply of basic education and public medical and health services in Xinjiang Autonomous region.This paper evaluates the effect of basic public service in Xinjiang from the three aspects which are input,output and effect,and analyzes that the total amount of financial transfer payment is insufficient,the structure of transfer payment is unreasonable,and the distribution of funds is unreasonable in Xinjiang Autonomous region.Within the autonomous region,the division of administrative powers between the upper and lower levels of government is not clear,and the responsibility for expenditure is not clear in four aspects.It draws lessons from the successful experiences of the Japanese financial security system similar to our financial system and the Canadian fiscal transfer payment system.It gives four suggestions for the improvement of fiscal transfer payment with equalization of public services in the region,which are Improving the financial transfer payment system,expanding the scale of transfer payment in Xinjiang,optimizing the structure of transfer payment in Xinjiang,and improving the supervision mechanism of transfer payment.It will effectively promote the equalization of basic public services within the autonomous region and provide financial support for the implementation of equalization of basic public services in the Xinjiang Autonomous region.