Research On The Changes In The Livelihood Of The Miao People In Mazong Township Since The New Century

Livelihood is the way and means of livelihood that ethnic groups within a region choose in their lives,and it'll change as the environment changes.The miao township of Ma Zong is a place where Han and Miao people live for a long time,and the special geographical environment breeds the local national culture which is different from other ethnic areas,as the saying goes that one side of the water and soil to raise a person,the unique geographical location of the formation of different livelihood culture.Through the participation of observation methods and interview methods,the author learned that Ma Zong Miao long-term cultivation of corn,sweet potatoes,potatoes for a living,both breeding and handwork.Studies have found that these previous livelihoods were designed to meet the needs of family life,that cultivation can bring food to families,that farming can provide fertilizer for crop cultivation and to meet household meat needs,and that handmade batik,embroidery and textiles meet people's needs for dressing.Previously,Ma Zong traffic was blocked and development was relatively lagging behind,so these livelihoods were widespread on the ground and they had no choice.Now,with the rise of rural tourism in Ma Zong and the transfer of local land,their main livelihood is no longer crop cultivation,but towards the accommodation,catering,handicrafts and work and other diversified direction of development.Since the new century,great changes have taken place in the Miao Township of Ma Zong,and the livelihood has changed under the condition of environmental change,and is developing in the direction of diversification.According to the analysis of first-hand data obtained,it is found that the main reasons for the change of Ma Zong Miao's livelihood are the support of government policies,the change of social and cultural environment and the emergence of national cultural identity.The implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forest has reduced the cultivated land area,began to appear the surplus of household labor force,and had the craze of going out to The "Hundred Enterprises hundred Villages" policy response of enterprises in the Ma Zong Miao township,Red Miao Inn and "Tea Garden Five View" construction and the improvement of local infrastructure,for the local provision of opportunities for the development of rural tourism.The government's propaganda of national culture and the formation of local culture consciousness have laid the ideological foundation for inheriting and carrying forward the national excellent traditional culture,and successively appeared the media which is conducive to the development and inheritance of local culture,such as red Miao Culture Media Co.,Ltd.,Yi Textile Garments Co.,Ltd.,and Batik embroidery workshop of Hui zhi.It's found that people need to have a process of adjustment after the change of livelihood,this process will also make people's lives change.As most people buy walking tools to adapt to changing traffic conditions,transform houses to adapt to rural tourism,leisure and entertainment diversification to adapt to the development of social trends.The expansion of the wedding circle is the product of the change of the local marriage concept,which is compatible with the development of the Times.The changes of festival culture,funeral culture,religious belief and so on are in line with the pace of development of the Times and are compatible with the core values of socialism.In the context of livelihood change,It is necessary of people's adjustment in life and thought,especially active adaptation.