Group Work Is Involved In Research On The Spiritual Care Of Widowed Elders In Elderly Care Institutions

With the increase of the proportion of the elderly population and the deepening of the aging degree,institutional old-age care as a supplement to home and community old-age care came into being.Nowadays,the majority of people living in pension institutions are elderly and widowed.Unlike the widowed elderly who choose community and home for the aged,the widowed elderly in the institution need to receive special care because of the loss of their spouse's resources and emotional companionship,and leave their familiar relatives and living environment to lead to mental depression.At the same time,the semi-closed environmental management and single service content of pension institutions also reduce the quality of spiritual life of widowed elderly people living alone.Therefore,how to meet their spiritual needs and improve their mental state deserve to be the focus of social attention.Based on the theory of Maslow's hierarchy of needs,the theory of social support and the theory of activities,this paper explores the effectiveness of group work involved in the spiritual care of such groups.By means of questionnaires and scales,the mental needs of 29 widows in H elderly apartments were analyzed in the form of unstructured interviews,so as to understand the reasons that hindered their spiritual needs satisfaction.On this basis,seven "happy sunset" support groups were set up for the five spiritual needs of widowed elderly people,such as children's companionship,interpersonal communication,respect for acquisition,self-realization and continued socialization.flexible use of professional methods and skills in the process of group activities to provide mental care services for widowed elderly people and promote their personal development through the completion of group goals.Finally,through the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the satisfaction of the mental needs of the group members through the scale test and the feedback of the group members' subjective feelings,it was found that the group work involved in the mental care of the widowed elderly in pension institutions had some advantages in their emotional support,expanding social network,enhancing self-esteem,realizing self-worth and participating widely in social life.Among them,it is a new way to improve the self-confidence of life and enrich the spiritual life of widowed elderly people,which aims to accept learning new things to make up for their lost resources and become their spiritual sustenance.In summing up and reflecting on the experience,from the whole process of the group,there are stage problems in the early,middle and late stages of the group.For example,pre-group activities are poorly prepared,mid-term workers can not balance individual and group responsibilities,post-group members rely on groups and workers,and the group'swork itself is limited by insufficient scope of intervention.Workers also reflect on this and give corresponding solutions and suggestions for the future social work involved in widowed elderly related research.