Research On The Willingness To Bear Children Of Families Of Childbearing Age In My Country

In recent years,changes in China's fertility rate in the context of a comprehensive two-child policy have been a hot topic.It is well known that a long-term low fertility rate will aggravate social problems such as an aging population and a decline in the total labor force,which will adversely affect economic and social development.As the main indicator of predicting fertility behavior,fertility willingness can provide important parameters for predicting fertility level,and it is self-evidently important for the influence of fertility rate.Therefore,this study analyzes the fertility willingness and influencing factors of China's child-bearing age families,comprehensively understands the fertility-age family's fertility willingness status,and makes recommendations for the formulation of China's fertility policy.This study takes China's childbearing age families as the research object.The data comes from a questionnaire designed according to previous literature and related theories and the 2018 National Statistical Yearbook.Through multi-level models,the influencing factors of China's childbearing age family reproductive will be analyzed from the micro level and the macro level.The interaction of macro-regional factors and individual micro-factors together has an effect on fertility desire.Finally,through in-depth interviews with individual cases,the previous quantitative analysis results are verified and deeper influencing factors are explored,in order to comprehensively analyze the fertility willingness status and influencing factors of China's childbearing age families.The research results are as follows:1.At the level of micro-influencing factors: In terms of individual basic conditions,the respondent 's gender,age,household registration,type of work unit,monthly income status,physical condition,and work all have a significant impact on fertility intentions.The sorting from small to large is: career development,physical condition,type of work unit,monthly income status,gender,household registration and age.Respondents who believe that childbearing has a small negative impact on career development have a stronger fertility desire;respondents who are in good health have a stronger fertility desire;respondents who are engaged in occupations with higher social status have a stronger fertility desire;Monthly income has a significant positive impact on fertility desires of child-bearing age families;women have stronger fertility desires than men;rural household registrations have stronger fertility desires of child-bearing ages;age has a more significant negative impact on fertility desires of child-bearing-age families.In the basic situation of the family,the family economic status of the respondent and the physical status of the elders have a significant effect on the fertility desire of the child-bearing family.Families of child-bearing age who are relatively well-off and the elders in good health are able to help families take care of their children.2.At the macro level,the factors of regional economic development and factors supporting regional fertility policies have a significant impact on China's families of childbearing age.The regional GDP per capita has a significant negative predictive effect on the fertility wishes of China's child-bearing age families,while the regional maternity insurance coverage rate significantly predicts the fertility wishes of child-bearing age families.3.According to the qualitative analysis,at the individual level,the fertility desires of families of childbearing age are also affected by whether they are migrants,and the level of fertility willingness of the floating population is relatively low.At the family level,it is found that the right to decide the number of children to be born also affects the fertility willingness of families of childbearing age.The division of labor in family affairs also affects the fertility will of families of childbearing age.If men or elders in the family are more involved in family affairs,helping women reduce the burden,it will increase the fertility willingness level of families of childbearing age.The relationship between husband and wife is also an important factor that affects the fertility willingness of families of childbearing age.A high level of support for couples will promote more children in childbearing age families.At the social level,it is found that whether or not to enjoy maternity insurance has no significant effect on the fertility willingness of families of childbearing age.This is inconsistent with the assumptions we put forward based on literature and theory.Through interviews,we found that China's maternity insurance system is not yet perfect.The influence of cultural factors on fertility desire is a very important aspect.Finally,based on the research results,this article provides more detailed supporting policies and problem-solving suggestions for the country's fertility policy,with a view to contributing to the formulation of China's fertility policy and the improvement of the fertility level of childbearing age groups.