Research On The Reform Of "Separation Of License And License" In Shangha

Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the reform of business registration system has been in full swing,from the “First business licenses and then operating permits” to the “First operating permits and then business licenses”,the government adopted a series of measures and achieved some results.However,during the implementation process of the related policies,the result was somewhat drifting away from the original objective,which was manifested in the major problems like “It's easy to get business license but difficult to secure an operating permit” or “easy to get a permit but forbidden to operate”.All these problems prompted the government to deepen the reform of “First business licenses and then operating permits” into “Separate operating permits and business licenses ”.As an important way to optimize the business environment and transform institutional advantages into governance efficiency,the reform of “Separate operating permits and business licenses ” is an important part of deepening overall reform and transforming government functions,which is of self-evident significance to the economy and society.The reform can not be accomplished in quick action.At present,the relevant measures of the reform of “Separate operating permits and business licenses” has confronted with a dilemma of governance while making choices between the value of of market security and market efficiency,and internal conflicts have already emerged for some policy measures.Under such background,and based on Horn-Meter System model,the thesis constructs a new Horn-Meter system model by combining the practical situation of Shanghai's reform with the model,which has conducted research from five aspects of policy goal and content,performing authorities,implementation ways,policy environment as well as the value orientation of the performers.The reform of “Separate operating permits and business licenses” was first piloted in Pudong District of Shanghai,and gradually promoted to the whole Shanghai City and the whole country at large.Based on the reform's characteristics,and with methods of literature study and interview investigation,the thesis takes the reform process in Shanghai as the research object to illustrate the top design,promotion path as well as innovation of related policies during the reform from the three aspects of concept,mechanism,and content.Based on the full understanding of the reform,the new HornMeter System model is used to summarize which factors have influenced the reform of “Separate operating permits and business licenses” in Shanghai.After sufficient empirical investigation and theoretical analysis,the thesis believes that the reform of “Separate operating permits and business licenses” in Shanghai has achieved certain results,and the Reform Office of Administrative Approval System and the competent departments can adjust the policy contents according to the reform situation in a timely manner.In the process of end-to-end supervision,the authorities have made great efforts improving the efficiency of supervision;The judiciary department can create a legal environment suitable for the reform.The performers can also uphold a certain public spirit during the implementation.However,the research shows that there are still some problems existing in the reform of “Separate operating permits and business licenses” in Shanghai.For instance,the policy content is still “not fully accomplished”,the competent authorities have problems deciding the ways to reform approving projects as well as the problem in the actual effect of the policy.As for the performing bodies,the involved departments still have some deficiencies in promoting the pre-approval and connecting the pre-approval and end-to-end supervision,as well as the allocation of each department's rights and responsibilities inside the government;In terms of the implementation methods,the technique,institution and organization as well as the way of end-to-end supervision are yet to be improved.In terms of policy environment,there is a problem about the legal status of the business registration system and the boundary between the public and private law,which means the lack of laws and regulations to ensure the smooth implementation of the policy.In terms of performers' value orientation,their belief in reform is not firm enough,and the government's own positioning is not clear enough.In order to solve the above dilemmas,the thesis puts forward corresponding suggestions from five aspects: the policy objective and content,the performing authorities,the ways of implementation,the policy environment and the value orientation of the performers.The last part dwells on the connotation of the reform of “Separate operating permits and business licenses”.Through the implementation of the reform policy,the government reshapes the power boundary between the government,the market and the society.In a sense,the reform of “Separate operating permits and business licenses” has become a penetration point for the reconstruction of the government,the market and social functions.There are three innovative parts in the study.First,theoretical innovation.The new Horn-Meter System model is constructed by renovating and expanding the original one.Second,perspective innovation.In addition to the traditional perspective of top-down policy implementation,the perspective from the grass-roots level is added into the study,which considers the impact on policy implementation from the front-line performers.Third,content innovation.It is the first time the reform is systematically analyzed with a policy application.