"Time And Space Concept" And "Time Thinking"

“Historical time” is the basic concept of history.More and more education researchers have realized that the cultivation of “chronological thinking” is not only the basic requirement of historical learning,but also the important question of the history teaching in middle schools.This article interprets “concept of space-time” in our curriculum standards,and compares it with the "chronological thinking" in the United States.“Concept of space-time” can be divided into five parts: identifying,understanding and applying the time expression,understanding the sequence of events,analyzing the changes and continuance of history under long-term conditions,understanding and applying time frames.The “chronological thinking” mentioned in the American curriculum standards can be divided into five parts: identification of time structure,measurement and calculation of historical time,construction of the sequence of past events,interpretation of historical changes and continuations and analysis of historical stages.There are many commonalities between the two countries' requirements for chronological thinking in curriculum standards: “the expression of time,the sequence of events,the historical changes and continuation,and the historical stages”.At the same time,there are also many differences.China pays more attention to the integration of time and space under historical materialism.The United States pays more attention to the calculation of time and the understanding of historical stages.“The stones of other hills can be used to attack jade”.Comparison of “concepts of time and space” and “chronological thinking” can enable us to reflect on the construction of the high school history curriculum target system in a broader perspective and on a higher level platform.Curriculum reform provides some theoretical support and practice orientation.