Research On Employment Mobility Of College Graduates From Low-income Families

The employment of college students has always been the focus of the academic field and the society.The unreasonable flow of employment flow has further aggravated the seriousness of the employment situation.At present,China is highly concerned about the groups with economical difficulties.And employment is an important part of improving the economic status of low-income families’ college students.However,domestic and foreign scholars tend to study the employment mobility in general terms,characteristics,and influencing factors,or from gender differences and the background of urban and rural areas,and the researches of focusing on low-income college graduates are few.Therefore,it has important significance and value to explore the employment flow of college graduates in low-income families and discover their inherent development rules.The article takes low-income families’ college graduates as the research group,relying on the cross-regional employment survey data of college graduates from Gansu,Henan and Shandong provinces in 2015,and through descriptive statistics and regression analysis,from the perspective of the rate,direction,revenue and costs of employment flow,to study the status quo of employment mobility of college graduates in low-income families.What’s more,the study also reveals the influencing factors in-depth analysis from aspects of demographic characteristics,human capital,social capital,and social environmental conditions,to find the new characteristics,new developments and new laws of the college graduates from low-income families in employment flow.The results show that the proportion of college graduates from low-income families did not change in the places of origin,education and employment between regions and provinces is larger,and the rate of urban-rural employment flows is far higher than the no change.Compared with graduates from high-income families,they tend to work in different provinces in the same region.The central region’s graduates has the highest rate of employment flow across regions,and the rate of employment across provinces is highest in the western region low-income families’ graduates.The direction of employment flow shows a trend of from the central and western regions to the eastern coastal regions,from economically underdeveloped provinces to developed provinces and from rural areas to cities.The economic developments of regions have a great influence and the national preferential policies play a very good guiding role in the employment flow.The cost of employment flow between regions and provinces is high,and the rural students which employ in rural area have a higher hunting costs than others,which shows that low-income families’ graduates don’t prefer to get a job in rural area,and interpersonal relationships play a role in employment flow.In terms of the influencing factors of employment flow,the demographic characteristics,the human capital and job-seeking intention,the family background,the social environment and conditions of low-income families’ college graduates have impacts on the employment flow betweenregions,provinces and urban-rural areas in different ways.In view of the conclusion of the study,we put forward three constructive suggestions: the first one is to increase the preferential policy of employment for low-income families’ college students which employ in the central and western regions,to strengthen the guiding role;and the second is to pay attention to the training of grass-roots talents in higher vocational and technical colleges and universities,optimizing the structure of urgently needed subjects;the last one is to strengthen household registration reform,breaking the hinders from labor market segmentation to the employment flow.