Study On The Change Of FATmax And Its Influence Mechanism In Obese Middle-aged Women's Weight Loss By Exercise

Objective:Obesity has now become one of the chronic diseases that endanger human health.Insulin resistance and dyslipidemia can cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes,bone and joint diseases,cancer?such as breast cancer,endometrial cancer?,etc.due to the accumulation of fat,and these risk factors increase with the increase of body weight.trend.For the control of obesity,exercise weight loss is recognized as one of the effective means.Among them,the weight loss exercise prescription with the maximum fat oxidation intensity?FATmax?as the target intensity has attracted much attention.With the continuous deepening and improvement of related research,FATmax exercise has achieved good results in practical applications.However,it is worth noting that whether FATmax will change after the exercise weight loss and its related mechanisms are still poorly reported,but it is related to whether the exercise prescription formulated with FATmax intensity can always be applied.If exercise is exercised,the individual FATmax value will occur.The change will prompt the need to re-measure FATmax for better weight reduction,and if it does not change after weight loss,it can be applied for a relatively long period of time.Therefore,based on the practical application,this study used a 12-week exercise weight loss intervention under the FATmax intensity for middle-aged obese women.Observe the changes of FATmax and its lipid metabolism before and after exercise intervention,study the relationship between FATmax and lipid metabolism and further explore the mechanism of FATmax change,in order to optimize and improve the weight loss exercise prescription with FATmax as the intensity and the mechanism of exercise on FATmax.Relevant research provides a reference basis.Method:Recruit 20 middle-aged obese women with a regular history of exercise?3people lost?,aged between 45 and 59 years old,and meet the Chinese adult obesity standard?fat standard BMI?28%,and body fat percentage>30%?.Exclude cardiovascular diseases,diabetes and other major diseases,inform the subjects of exercise risk before the experiment and voluntarily sign informed consent.?1?Take fasting venous blood and measure leptin?LEP?,adiponectin?ADP?,lipoprotein lipase?LPL?,acetyl-CoA decarboxylase?ACC?,cholesterol?TC?,triglyceride?TG?,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol?HDL-C?,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol?LDL-C?and other indicators;?2?Measure the body shape indicators such as height,weight,waist circumference and hip circumference according to the national physical fitness monitoring standard and use the dual energy X-ray?GE?to test the percentage of body fat and the HDS-2000 visceral fat produced by Japan OMRON Co.,Ltd.The measuring device measures body composition indexes such as abdominal fat and visceral fat area;?3?Using the German Ergoselect 100 series vertical power bicycle and the Finnish Polar heart rate monitor to test,record the heart rate at each end of the load and the subjective motor sensation?RPE?scale score,and indirectly estimate the maximum shot according to the Astrand line graph.Oxygen content?VO₂max?;?4?Using the German CORTEX Meta Max 3B portable cardiopulmonary function telemeter to measure the resting energy expenditure of the subject indirectly,and measure the oxygen consumption of the exhaled gas when the subject is lying on a calm position to calculate the resting metabolic rate and the ratio of fat supply.;?5?Develop a motion test procedure with reference to the increasing load test procedure such as Achten,use the German h/p/cosmos Pulsar4.0 power treadmill,Cosmed exercise cardiopulmonary function test system for gas collection,record VO₂and VCO₂,and set the filter to 15 seconds.RER,oxygen uptake,heart rate,etc.;blood pressure was measured every 2 minutes using the American-made Tangou dynamic sphygmomanometer,and recorded;the electrocardiographic changes of the subjects were monitored by the Italian Cosme 12-lead exercise ECG tester.Calculate the formula of fat oxidation:FAT oxidation=1.67*VO₂-1.67*VCO₂ Determine the maximum fat oxidation rate?FATmax Rate?and the corresponding maximum fat oxidation intensity?FATmax?,and establish a fat oxidation power baseline;?6?Using the heart rate corresponding to FATmax as the target heart rate for the subject for 12 weeks,3 times a week,1 hour of exercise weight loss intervention,the main intervention is to alternate the heart rate of FATmax.?7?After 12 weeks of exercise training,the incremental fat exercise test procedure was used again to determine the maximum fat oxidation rate?FATmaxRate?and its corresponding maximum fat oxidation intensity?FATmax?and establish a fat oxidation curve.The same test of lipase and cytokines before the venous blood exercise intervention and the use of the same equipment before exercise to measure the body composition of the heart and lung function;All data were analyzed by SPSS22.0 software.All data were represented by X±S.The statistical method was paired T test.The significant difference was P<0.05.Result:?1?The maximum fat oxidation intensity FATmax of the subjects increased significantly from 52.36±9.7%VO2max before intervention to 59.26±10.5%VO2max?P<0.05?.The absolute value of the maximum fat oxidation rate?FATmaxRate?increased from 0.33±0.08g/min before intervention to 0.4±0.07g/min?P<0.05?.The relative value of maximum fat oxidation rate was 4.65±before intervention.There was a significant change in the increase of 0.9 mg/min/kg to 5.96±1.2 mg/min/kg?P<0.01?.In addition,the maximum fat oxidation intensity corresponds to a significant change in heart rate,running speed and metabolic equivalent.?2?After exercise intervention,the resting energy consumption and fat supply energy of the subjects were significantly higher than before the intervention,and the resting energy consumption increased by an average of 0.91 kcal/d/kg compared with that before the intervention?P<0.05?.The fat-supplemented energy increased from 41.13±10.94%before intervention to 43.89±12.24%after the 12-week exercise weight loss?P<0.01?.?3?The relative value of maximal oxygen uptake of subjects after exercise intervention was significantly increased?P<0.05?.There was also a significant increase in the output per volume?SV?and ejection fraction?EF??P<0.01?.?4?After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,the subjects'total cholesterol?TC?,triglyceride?TG?,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol?LDL-C?decreased,and the change was significant?P<0.01?..At the same time,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol?HDL-C?showed a significant increase?P<0.05?.?5?Exercise weight loss intervention subjects'body weight,BMI and waist-hip comparison were all decreased before intervention,and the changes were significant.The changes in body weight and BMI were significant?P<0.01?.At the same time,the percentage of body fat also changed significantly?P<0.01?,and the area of abdominal fat decreased significantly?P<0.05?.?6?The subjects'triglyceride lipase?ATGL?,lipoprotein lipase?LPL?,leptin?LEP?and adiponectin?ADP?changed significantly after exercise weight loss intervention?P<0.05?,in which lipoprotein lipase and adiponectin were significantly increased,and leptin was significantly decreased.At the same time,there was a significant decrease in acetyl-CoA decarboxylase?ACC??P<0.01?.Conclusion:?1?After 12 weeks of exercise weight loss training for middle-aged obese women,the maximum fat oxidation intensity?FATmax?of the subjects increased from 52.36±9.7%VO₂max before the experiment to 59.26±10.5%VO₂max.The change,from the fat oxidation dynamics curve,showed a right shift in the curve after 12 weeks of exercise intervention.This suggests that the FATmax of the body is likely to become larger after a period of exercise training,and the subsequent exercise intervention should determine the exercise intensity according to the new FATmax value,so as to better promote the improvement of the functions of the various systems of the body.?2?After the exercise weight loss intervention for middle-aged obese women with FATmax as the intensity,the increase of resting energy consumption VO₂max can affect the oxygen uptake and oxygen utilization of skeletal muscle and improve fat metabolism.At the same time,BMI,waist-to-hip ratio Percentage of body fat,visceral fat area of abdominal fat area can affect the metabolism of fat by participating in the regulation of adipocytokines,affecting the blood flow of adipose tissue and improving lung ventilation.These changes in indicators can be used as a peripheral mechanism to reduce weight loss.The post-fat oxidation rate?FATmaxRate?and the change in FATmax intensity are explained.?3?The expression of fatty triglyceride lipase?ATGL?,lipoprotein lipase?LPL?and adipocytokines adiponectin?ADP?was up-regulated after exercise weight loss intervention in middle-aged obese women with FATmax as intensity.Decreased expression of acetyl-CoA decarboxylase?ACC?and adipocytokine leptin?LEP?can regulate the aerobic oxidation of fatty acids to improve lipid metabolism in obese individuals and,to a certain extent,to oxidize body fat after exercise weight loss The rate?FATmaxRate?and the change in FATmax intensity make an explanation of the underlying mechanism.