Research On The Examination-oriented Rural Elementary Education From The Perspective Of Stakeholders

In terms of time nodes,the new round of curriculum reform of basic education has been launched for nearly two decades,and this year is the last year of the Outline of National Medium and Long-term Education Reforms and Development Program(2010-2020).Reflecting on the present,in our nation's basic education,is the tendency of examination-oriented getting better or getting worse? Mr.Yang Dongping once asserted that it was continuing to deteriorate and the examination-oriented education still dominated the world.As a relatively weak link in China's compulsory education,the situation of rural primary education is more worse.The tendency of examination-oriented has seriously affected the improvement of education quality in rural primary school.So,the research on the tendency of examination-oriented in rural primary education has a long-term practical significance and profound theoretical significance.The more serious the problem is,the more sustained attention and unremitting research it needs.At present,many scholars have studied on the tendency of examination-oriented education from different perspectives and with different methods,which have provided solid theoretical basis to solve the problem furtherly.From the perspective of stakeholders to analyze the tendency of examination-oriented in rural primary education is necessary to further analysis of the characteristics of rural primary schools,the meaning of examination-oriented education,the definition,classification and characteristics of stakeholders.Based on that,we can have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the tendency of examination-oriented in rural primary education and graspe the method of analyzing problems from the perspective of stakeholders accurately.In this study,the author selected local governments,schools,teachers and parents as the research objects.By means of interview,questionnaire,observation and other methods,this paper investigated their interest demands in examination-oriented education of rural primary school.Due to the diversity and difference of interest demands of different stakeholders in examination-oriented education,the relationships of their interest are complicated.Among different stakeholders and within the same stakeholder,subjects will have multiple interest conflicts in the process of pursuing their own interests.The paradox is that although the tendency of examination-oriented in rural primary education has brought many conflicts of interest to stakeholders and got fierce criticism from all sectors of education,the tendency of examination-oriented education is becoming more and more serious.This study attempts to put forward some reasonable explanations for the tendency from the following five aspects: the maintenance of fair educational evaluation system,thechoice based on self-interest,the balance of interests game,path dependence on maintaining vested interests or profit expectations,and realizing future development interests of students.Based on the above analysis and from the perspective of stakeholders,the author believes that the main strategies to solve the exam-oriented tendency in rural primary education include the following aspects: returning to the noumenon—clarify the value orientation of rural primary education,highlighting public interests—reshape the balance of interests,innovating channels—improve the mechanism for the expression and realization of interests.multi-governance—joint efforts to solve the dilemma of examination-oriented education and optimizing the supply of resources—promote the balanced development to a deeper level.