Research On The Mode Of Centralized Living In Rural Areas For Mutual Assistance For The Elderly

Since the 21st century,Chinese rural population mobility has accelerated,rural mutual assistance is an effective way to make up for the weakening of rural family supporting function and the shortage of social pension services.It is a kind of aging in place which fully exploit the community resources and the elderly's own resources.As one of the five types of pension models in the province,the centralized residential mutual aid model in G District has been given a demonstration significance.This article conducts a field survey based on the concentrated residential mutual aid community in G district,L city.Using the interview method and the literature method,based on the theory of social exchange and social network.Pay attention to the interactive relationship between governments,social organizations,villagers,markets and other pluralistic subjects in the process of mutual aid construction.Under the guidance of the government's planning,the decision of the villagers' self-governance at the grass-roots level shall be made,and the planning and construction shall be conducted under the supervision of the functional departments.Under the effect of strong relationship,the villagers' residence is smooth,and the home-based old-age service center can provide more old-age service functions.The mechanism for this pattern is as follows: the main source of funds is village collective assets,government subsidies and payment of service objects;mutual assistance and mutual exchange behaviors include life care,cultural entertainment,festival condolences,etc.;encourage individual actors to comply with the value norms of mutual assistance and pensions with rewards such as social approval and resource attraction.The development of the concentrated residential mutual assistance model has taken shape and has achieved results.The elderly in the centralized residential area live separately from their families,thus gaining an independent status in family relationships.The exchange of mutual assistance and reciprocity between the elderly meets the needs of the elderly.Through the establishment of bridges between weak relationships to obtain information,the social resources are integrated to seek more benefits for the members of the organization,the construction of supporting facilities for the elderly in rural areas is more complete,and the appearance of villages is improved.The common value norm has developed collective consciousness,strengthened the internal unity and expanded the reputation of the village collective.However,there are also disadvantages in the centralized residential mutual aid model,such as low social attention,simpler exchange of mutual assistance,structural constraints,insufficient participation of social forces,and imperfect coordination mechanisms.The following conditions should be satisfied for the replication and popularization of the concentrated residential mutual assistance model: Economic Resources Support,government administration leading,giving full play to the main role of the elderly,involving social forces,and promoting the institutionalization of organizations.Finally,a rural mutual benefit pension system supported by government policy,Mutual Assistance of community elders,assistance of social organizations,volunteer Social Work Service and participation of market forces will be established.