A Study On The Reasons And Countermeasures Of The Cognitive Difficulties In Algebraic Learning For The First-year Students Of Junior High School

Algebraic expression is the bridge between the arithmetic in elementary school and the algebra in junior high school,learning algebraic expression is the basis for further study of algebra.However,the seventh grade students are in the transition period from the development of concrete image thinking to abstract thinking.When faced with abstract letters,they often have cognitive conflicts,so learning algebraic expression is a challenge for seventh grade students.Based on the content of "algebraic expression" in the first semester of seventh grade,this paper studies on the cognition difficulty in learning algebraic expression for seventh grade students.This article uses literature research method and qualitative research method,by observing students 'performance in the classroom,collecting homework errors,combining individual interviews to analyze students' cognitive difficulty performance,then sorts out the main types of cognitive difficulties,and analyzes the causes through theoretical analysis,and then explore teaching countermeasures.This research analyzes students' specific problems from five aspects:algebra-related concepts,representation of the meaning of letters,algebraic formulas,algebraic operations,and algebraic applications.Based on the research results,it is found that seventh grade students have five aspects of cognitive difficulties on algebraic expression,including the difficulty in understanding algebraic concepts,the difficulty in understanding the meaning of letters,the difficulty in language conversion,the difficulty in constructing algebraic operation rules,and the difficulty in perceiving and identifying algebraic structures.According to the relevant cognitive theory,this article believes that the reasons for the above-mentioned cognition difficulties of junior students include: the difficulty in "conforming" to the algebraic cognitive structure,the difficulty in developing arithmetic thinking to algebraic thinking,the difficulty in converting "process" to "structure" and the difficulty in matching the abstraction of symbols with the level of thinking.Based on the above research,the teaching strategies for overcoming cognitive difficulties in learning algebraic expression are as follows.First,strengthening the concept teaching of "form" and expanding the cognitive structure of "number".Second,optimizing the operation practice of "form" and expanding the scope of the arithmetic of rules.Third,clarifying the process-structure of "form" and developing students 'abstract thinking.Fourth,paying attention to the practical application of "style" and extending students' symbol awareness.