Comparative Study On International Agricultural Support Policies

China's agricultural foundation is weak and the development is slow.The income of the farmers is very low,and growth is lack of power.The problemes of agricultural resources and production factors transfer to urban non-agricultural industries,agriculture and industrialization,sideline and marginalization have become increasingly prominent.The stable agricultural production development,increase farmers' income,China gradually abolish the agriculture taxes,explore the implementation of a series of agricultural support and subsidies,such as the minimum grain purchase prices and temporary purchase and storage policies,subsidies,direct subsidies to grain farmers,agricultural subsidies and farm machinery purchase subsidy.Because of China agricultural support policy started late,agricultural infrastructure is weak,the support field and link is wide and need large amounts of money.In the middle stage of industrialization,China has limited strength.Comprehensive agricultural support temporarily still can not be achieved.Compared to the developed countries,China's agricultural support way is single,strength is not great and the effect is not good.The problem is more and more prominent.At the present stage,China how to support and protect agriculture? With the development of economy and industrialization to promote urbanization,what is the basic direction of China adjusting and improving agricultural support policies?This paper selects the European Union,USA,Japan,Brazil,China and South Africa as samples,using the organization for Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD)of the Producer Support Estimate(PSE)method,research the agricultural support level and structure characteristics of the sample countries during 1995-2012.Analysis showed that:(1)The level of overall agricultural support in developed countries is high,the developing countries over all lower than developed countries,but the total agricultural support and subsidies rate showed a rising trend,and the general service support rate is higher than that of developed countries.(2)Agricultural support policies in developed countries structure supported by market price is gradually turning to the direct subsidies,and policy supporting convergence,the direction is clear,targeted.Developing countries agricultural support policy is still the price support,direction and according to increa se gradually.(3)The support of developed countries on the key the agricultural products is still the market price support(MPS).The support of developing countries on the key agricultural support is gradually turning to the market price support.The market prices of the key agricultural support trend to upward.According to the classification and measurement of the World Trade Organization(WTO,World Trade Organization)to measure the domestic support(Domestic Support),study on the level and structure of agricultural domestic support of sample countries during 1995-2011.Analysis showed that:(1)Because of the WTO agricultural domestic support rules,the developed countries reduce the yellow box of domestic support measures,while developing countries gradually increase the use of the yellow box policy.Only the European Union and Japan and a few other countries use the blue box policy.(2)The green box on the trade distortion is small,not restrained by WTO,widely used in developed countries and developing countries.Developed countries under the support structure are relatively balanced,focused.Compared with the developed countries,developing countries in the green box policy support structure is relatively simple and large fluctuation.The general service support to developing countries is the main policy inthe green box support measures.(3)Trade distorting domestic support measures in developed countries gradually weakened.The developing countries gradually increased,but the developed countries are significantly higher than that of the developing countries.The sample countries based on the basic national conditions and different stages of economic development reform the agricultural support and subsidies,summing up the experience and the enlightenment to China are as follows: Based on China's national conditions the adjustment of agricultural support policy step by step,establish legislation of the management model of agricultural support policy,and pay attention to agriculture multi function,to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture,and the establishment of a transitional measure price support to direct subsidies,and pay attention to the combination between policies,supporting convergence,increase policy efficiency and directivity,perfect linked subsidy policy,reduce the agricultural support policies on the market.