The Sublation And Optimization Of Securitized Land Exchange System Of Chongqing From Land Finance

Along with the intensification of industrialization and urbanization,all of the economic indicators of Chongqing were promoted significantly,however,at the same time,the contradictory caused by the urban-rural dual structure is still outstanding,the land use structure and layout of urban and rural area is still unreasonable,and there is still a big income gap between the urban and rural area.In 2008,the Chongqing government creatively designed the securitized land exchange system in order to alleviate the bottleneck of the supply of urban development land,to take full advantage of empty houses and construction land in rural area,and to improve the efficiency of land use.However,as an innovative exploration,some problems of the securitized land exchange system were gradually exposed in the process of the realization of the overall urban and rural development,such as the quantity and quality of the farmland could not be guaranteed,the peasants were out of the land-added income distribution,and the potential problem of rocketing the housing price,all of them have a similarity with land finance that the implementation effect of policy is deviated from the target.This paper study on the securitized land exchange system and the land finace which has existed in china for many years,and analyzed the homogenization and differentiation of the origin,the revenue stream and the negative effects of two policies based on the game theory,the rent of land theory and the public policy theory.This paper analyzed the homogenization and differentiation of securitized land exchange System and land finance horizontally and vertically,in the horizontal analysis,the two policies were considered based on different interest subjects,including the profit distribution of land circulation between farmers who took part in the reclamation?land losing farmers?and local government,the game and rent-seeking risk between real estate developer?the demanders of land voucher?and the local government,the rent-seeking risk between the reclaimed land evaluation agency and real estate developer and local government.In the vertical analysis,this paper analyzed the deficiency of supervision of securitized land exchange system as well as the resulting inner relation and path dependence with land finance from the view of economic-person ration of local government,mainly discussed the fiscal difficulty of local government under the tax-sharing system as well as the resulting negative stimulation,which including the lack of supervision on the quantity and quality of reclamation farmland,the packing process of land voucher are totally controlled by the land exchange institute,the newly formed construction land are specially used for the commercial target in order to increase the profit caused by land sale,with the condition of land acquisition become increasingly strict and the land resource become increasingly scare,the securitized land exchange system is likely to be the supply of land finance.According the spirit of the third plenary session of the 18^th CCP,which proposed to endow the peasants with more right of property and deep the reform of land management system,some opinions of which the target for optimizing the securitized land exchange system were put forward in this paper,such as the improvement of fiscal system,the clear define of the property right ownership,the improvement of the reclamation mechanism and the interests allocation mechanism,the establishment of sound society guarantee mechanism and so on.