Study On The Effect Of Producer Services Agglomeration On Manufacturing Competitiveness

The manufacturing industry occupies an important position in the national economic development,and its development level is the foundation of the long-term and stable development of a country's economy.For a long time,as a "world factory" and a "large manufacturing country",China has some outstanding problems,just as manufacturing development focusing on the quantity rather than quality,weak international competitiveness and lacking of innovation capacity.In recent years,with the rising labor costs and the constraints of resource and environment,the traditional competitive advantage gradually lost.The development of China's manufacturing industry is facing an increasingly grim situation.Producer services are separated from the manufacturing industry and serve the manufacturing industry.At present,producer service is the key factor to promote productivity and competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry.Spatial agglomeration is an important feature of the producer services' development.Producer services agglomeration brings about competitive effect,cooperative effect,learning effect,specialization effect and economies of scale effect.It can improve the manufacturing competitiveness in gathering area and surrounding areas,through reducing operating costs,increasing the value of intermediate products,enhancing the level of specialization and other means.Therefore,it has become the key to improving the competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry that whether can give full play to the producer services agglomeration effect.The paper,considering the economic level,resources condition and geographical position,chooses four provinces of Shandong,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Guangdong as the research objects.In this paper,location entropy and labor productivity index are used to measure the aggregation degree of producer services and manufacturing competitiveness in four provinces.The paper graphically describes them with arcgis10.2 software,and uses Stata 12 software to calculate the Moran index of manufacturing competitiveness.It finds that the agglomeration rate of producer services,especially the modern service industry,is low.Moreover,in addition to Jiangsu province,the manufacturing competitiveness of Shandong,Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces has no significant spatial autocorrelation.According to the results of the Moran index,the paper,basing on the city panel data of four provinces from 2005 to 2014,establishes a spatial econometric model in Jiangsu province and a panel model in Shandong,Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces,and then tests the econometric models of four provinces.The study shows that,from the regional perspective,Shandong Province is still based on the traditional manufacturing industry.Commerce and trade services have a stronger role in improving the manufacturing competitiveness than the knowledge-intensive services.In Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Guangdong Provinces,manufacturing transformation and upgrading is faster,and knowledge-intensive services have a more prominent role.From the control variables,compared with the level of foreign investment and human capital,transportation development and information level are the main factors to improve the level of manufacturing competitiveness in the four provinces.For these reasons,in the first place,the four provinces should establish a center of producer services agglomeration,improve the degree of producer services agglomeration,and give full play to the spillover effect of agglomeration centers.Secondly,they should focus on the development of knowledge-intensive services and improve the level of information.It can contribute to provide technical support for enhancing the manufacturing competitiveness.Last but not least,they should strengthen the accumulation and investment of human capital,accelerate the transition from the demographic dividend to the human capital dividend,and establish and perfect a human resource reserve mechanism in line with the economic development of the region.