The Effect Of Orientation Program And Task Characteristic On Hotel Intern's Psychological Capital

Entering into the new era,organizations and managers facing a series of new challenges,such as the shortage of labor,the management of employees,and the increasing turnover rate of employees.The series of challenges means that the organizations need to do more to help employees involved in new organization and get higher job performance.Although much progress has been made in the current research of organizational socialization,it is mainly dominated by cognitive models.Social Research based on cognitive learning emphasizes the provision of sufficient information for new employees,but pay less attention to the employees' psychological health.The shortcomings of cognitive-learning are increasingly prominent in the rapidly developing organizations environment.Therefore,the paper consider the perspective of positive organizational behavior and then put emphasis of socialization resources theory.In view of the socialization resources model offered by Saks and Gruman(2011),the author proposed a theoretical model,in which orientation program and task characteristics influence psychological capital respectively.Although the models proposed by Saks and Gruman(2011)provide new ideas for organizational socialization and human resource management in the new era,they are only discussed from a theoretical perspective,to some extent,lack of empirical data support.Based on the foregoing,we offer a theoretical model which orientation program and task characteristics are viewed as antecedents,psychological capital is viewed as the outcome variable.The conceptual model were further applied to examine the new employees samples in high-star hotel of Hainan Island.Empirical data were collected on Hainan Island,and a total of 850 questionnaires were sent to high-star hotels in Hainan Island.After that,647 valid questionnaires were analyzed by using SPSS and AMOS statistical software.The results indicate that psychological capital is predicted by orientation program.They also indicate that skill variety,task significance,and feedback predict psychological capital respectively,but not task identity and automony.The first contribution of this study related to the development of the orientation program scale.Qualitative interviews method was firstly used to obtain the initial items of the orientation program,and then quantitative analysis method was used to carry out exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.The second contribution lies in the effect of orientation program on employees' psychological capital.The quantitative method was used to verify the influence of orientation program on employees' psychological capital.Within the scope of author's search and cognition,this causal path fills the gap of current literature in this field.The last contribution lies in the construction of the total causality measurement model.This part used the method of structural equation model.The conclusion is that the model exhibited satisfied psychometric properties,and well-fitted measurement model.Finally,the shortcomings and future prospects of this paper will be discussed within the contexts of employees'organizational socialization research and hotel human resource management practices.