Comparative Study On Social Exclusion Of Villagers In The Process Of Ecological Relocation

Fuxian lake located in Yuxi City,Yunnan Province,is the country’s largest water storage capacity of freshwater lakes,and one of the national ecological good lake,in line with the national strategic water reserves lake Grade I,with important ecological value and Economic Value.There are nearly 18 million people in over 14 acres of land cultivation in the watershed of Lake,Due to the formation of a large number of rural non-point source pollution,ecological environment Fuxian be faced with tremendous pressure.In order to protect the water quality and restore the good ecological environment.The local government put forward the ecological construction concept "four-back three also"(paddy fields,check-out,back pond,retired people;lakes,forests,wetlands also).Lakeside residents move away from the survival of the ecological construction land,which leads residents have a significantly limit production and living,ande the residents’ right to expression was significantly hampered.This study takes the rural residents of ecological wetland construction in the northern bank of Fuxian Lake as the research object,reinterprets the connotation and structure of social exclusion on the basis of field interviews and literature review,selects key and representative indicators,and constructs an ecological construction perspective.The measurement model of the social exclusion of villagers in the process of ecological relocation,summaries the characterizations and similarities and differences of social exclusion of villagers in different relocation states during the process of ecological relocation,use the intervening external forces—capacity impairment as an exclusion analysis framework from external motivation and internal Potential causes,and explore the operating mechanism of rural residents’ social exclusion under the background of ecological relocation.The study has drawn two main conclusions:(1)The social exclusion of the ecological relocation villagers on the northern bank of the Fuxian Lake can be measured by the three dimensions of material,rights,and relationships,and the differences in social exclusion in the process of ecological relocation are reflected in the following three aspects: Substantial material exclusion of the villagers after relocation is mainly manifested in the limited agricultural production,the impediment to livelihood conversion;the low income level,serious income differentiation before and after relocation,poor basic living conditions,and insecure housing.The participation of villagers’ rights in the normal weakening is mainly manifested in the lack of participation channels and low level of participation;the participation ability and participation efficiency are not high.The repulsion of the villagers after the relocation was significant,mainly because the social network was forced to collapse;the integration was low and self-identity was eliminated.(2)Reasons for social exclusion of rural residents in the ecological relocation of the northern bank of the Fuxian Lake: The intervention of the ecological construction system as an external force drives the failure of both formal and informal human capital,coupled with the lack of decision-making participation in relocation of villagers’ benefit compensation,making it possible to relocate the group.Further damage,eventually leading to relocation groups fall into the abyss of exclusion,concentrated in the following three aspects: the internal capacity of the relocated culprits;government compulsory intervention type;migrants relocation and resettlement decision-making participation process is missing.