A Study On The Three Margins Of China's High-tech Products Exports And Their Influencing Factors

In the context of the increasing efficiency of global resource allocation,globalization has made countries' competition no longer confined to traditional elements.A new indicator that reflects the world status and economic development potential of a country is the level of technological development.The development of high-tech industries can not only promote national economic growth,but also drive the optimization of industrial structure,and it is the most important medium for realizing China's "innovation-driven" strategy.The strategic position of High-tech products is very important cause most of the key support areas identified by "Made in China 2025" belong to the five major industries of high-tech industries.In 2018,the US launched trade war against China,it directly targeted China's high-tech product exports by the name of intellectual property protection,intending to restrict the innovation of technology.So the high-tech industry is important to a country's national economy.The development of high-tech industries is the key to whether China can gain a foothold in the emerging "trade protectionism" environment,resist international political and trade risks,and continue to explore new markets.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the export methods of China's high-tech products and their existing problems.The dual marginal theory of trade growth is an important part of the "new-new trade theory",which is based on the enterprise heterogeneity.The core point is that export is expanding along the intensive margin and the extended margin.This theory has further enriched the explanation of export.The three margin further deepens the intensive margin,and the source of high-tech product export growth can be discussed under this framework and method.Therefore,this paper refers to the method of Hummels and Klenow(2005)[45],using the trade flow data of 45 trading partners at the SITC quintile level in 2005-2016 to calculate the three margin of China's high-tech products export,and then use the empirical research method to explore the influencing factors of the three margin of China's high-tech product exports.Finally,based on the results of the research,countermeasures are proposed.The structure of this paper is organized as follows:The first part is the introduction.It mainly explains the background and significance of the topic,research ideas and methods,literature review,etc.,and points out the innovations and deficiencies of this paper.The second part is related connotation and trade theory,defines the scope of high-tech products,and analyzes the trade theory and its applicability related to this study.The third part is the status quo of China's high-tech product export,and uses the ternary marginal decomposition results to analyze the trade growth channels and evolution methods.The current research results show that there is still a problem of unbalanced trade patterns and single export in China's high-tech product exports.The results of marginal decomposition show that the main driving force for China's high-tech product export growth is the intensive margin,the margin of expansion has almost no contribution,and the annual compound growth rate of the price margin is 2%.The dynamic evolution chart shows that the export price is approaching the world average year by year.Exports now are developing in the direction of"high quality and high price".The fourth part is the analysis of the influencing factors of the three-yuan margin of China's high-tech products export.Firstly,qualitatively analyze the three characteristics of high-tech product exports,economic freedom,technological innovation capability,and intellectual property protection level of importing countries.Then introduce the extended gravity model,and enter variables:trading partner's economic scale,geographical distance,economic freedom,technological innovation ability,the level of intellectual property protection of the importing country,and dummy variable(whether the two countries are in the free trade zone,whether there is a common boundary)into the model.Then quantitatively analyze the factors affecting the export margin of China's high-tech products and the interpretation of the policy implications of the regression results.The last part is the conclusion and inspiration of this paper.The innovations of this paper are as follows:First,in the past,the export of high-tech products was based on the study of the total volume of export trade,and there was little research on the structure of export growth from the perspective of the three margin.This paper decomposes the total export volume of high-tech products into a three margin.On this basis,it explores the path of export trade growth and has a new perspective.Secondly,based on the previous studies,this paper separates the variable of intellectual property level from institutional factors and examines its impact on the export of high-tech products separately,instead of including it in the system for overall research.