| BackgroundIn recent years,voice behavior has been paid more and more attention by scholars.How to improve employee voice behavior has become a hot topic for scholars.Leadership style is considered to be the most effective predictor,while the research on servant leadership as a new leadership style in the Chinese context is not perfect enough.As a new style of leadership,the research on servant leadership in China is not perfect.There are few empirical studies on the relationship between servant leadership and voice behavior.There are very few mechanisms to explore the relationship between servant leadership and voice behavior from the perspective of psychological ownership.PurposeThis paper reveals the mechanism of servant leadership on voice behavior,which takes psychological ownership as mediator variable and power distance as moderator variable.MethodIn this study,random sampling was used.The managers and employees of enterprises,institutions and government organs in Henan Province were selected as the research objects.A 1:3~1:5 paired sample questionnaire survey was conducted among managers and employees using voice behavior scale,servant leadership scale,psychological ownership scale and power distance scale.managers were asked to evaluate the performance of their direct subordinates' voice behavior respectively.Employees were asked to evaluate their direct superiors' leadership behavior and their own psychological ownership and power distance in the work process.In this study,SPSS 25.0,SPSS PROCESS 3.0 and Mplus 7.0 were used to analyze the data.Results1.Servant leadership have significant differences in gender,years of work,type of organization,and size of organization.The scores of female employees were significantly higher than those of male employees.The scores of employees within one year were higher than those of other working years.The scores of government agencies were higher than those of other organizational types.The scores of organizations with less than 100 employees were higher than those of other organizational size groups.There are significant differences in gender,organizational type and organizational scale of voice behavior.Female scores are higher than males,government agencies and state-owned enterprises scored higher than other organizational types,and organizations with less than 100 people scored higher than other organizational size groups and organizations with more than 1000 people scored higher than other organizational size groups.Psychological ownership has significant differences in gender,education level,organizational type and organizational scale.Female is higher than male,college education score is higher than other educational level groups,state-owned enterprises score higher than other organizational type groups,and more than 1000 people organizational size group is higher than other organizational size group.Power distance has significant difference in organizational type.The scores of state-owned enterprises and government organs are higher than those of other organizational types.2.Servant leadership significantly positively affects employee voice behavior(?=0.247,t=3.439,P<0.01)? promotive voice behavior(?=0.174,t=2.391,P<0.05)?prohibitive voice behavior(?=0.286,t=4.137,P<0.001).At the same time,five dimensions of servant leadership such as emotional comfort,persuasion and guidance,predictive wisdom,altruistic sense of mission and social responsibility can significantly and positively affect employee voice behavior(?=0.235,t=3.247,P<0.01;?=0.237,t = 3.282,P<0.01;?=0.194,t=2.659,P<0.01;?=0.236,t=3.294,P<0.01;?=0.162,t=2.214,P<0.05)?prohibitive voice behavior(?=0.270,t=3.857,P<0.001;?=0.270,t=3.883,P<0.001;?=0.227,t=3.227,P<0.01;?=0.251,t=3.607,P<0.001;?=0.214,t=3.025,P<0.01),Emotional comfort,persuasive guidance and predictive wisdom significantly positively affect employee promotive voice behavior(?=0.170,t=2.331,P<0.05;?=0.171,t=2.338,P<0.05;?=0.191,t=2.639,P<0.01).3.Psychological ownership partially mediates between servant leadership and voice behavior(?=0.176,t=2.098,P<0.05).Psychological ownership partially mediates between servant leadership and prohibitive voice behavior(?=0.186,t=2.299,P<0.05).4.The mediating effect of psychological ownership on the relationship between servant leadership and voice behavior is negatively regulated by power distance.Specifically,psychological ownership in employees with high power distance does not predict voice behavior(simple slope =0.051,t=-0.542,P >0.05),psychological ownership of employees with low power distance has a significant positive impact on voice behavior(simple slope =0.192,t=3.243,P < 0.01).Conclusion1.The more servant leaders managers show,the more voice behavior employees will show.2.Servant leadership strengthens the psychological ownership of employees through its own leadership characteristics,and then makes employees show more voice behavior.3.The process of servant leadership affecting the voice behavior through psychological ownership is negatively regulated by the power distance. |
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