Research On The Evaluation And Mechanism Of Public Participation In The Governance Of Metropolitan Cities In China

With the continuous improvement of social productivity,urban space is gradually expanding,and the population is growing rapidly,gradually forming a small,medium,large,super-large and even mega-large urban scale.As a complex mega-system,the high concentration of population,capital,land and other resource elements,the high convergence of information flow and the high concentration of appeals of various stakeholders in mega-cities have led to the increasing difficulty in the supply of public goods and services,and to a large number of urban problems,such as traffic jam,environmental deterioration and insufficient urban infrastructure,which have caused public discontent.Limited capacity in urban public supply is contradictory to the increasing power and interest demand of the public.Public power consciousness is constantly awakening in the information society.It is urgent for megacities to change from a single management model to a multi-governance model,so as to provide the public with reasonable channels to express their needs and concerns,in order to achieve the goal of effective decision-making and fine governance of mega-cities proposed in the report of the Nineteenth National Congress.Public participation refers to the interaction between government authorities and the public through open means to obtain information,listen to opinions and receive feedback when legislating,formulating public policies and deciding on public affairs,which is a behavior that can influence ultimate public decision-making and governance.Based on the three principles of democracy,politics and economy,and after analysing the evolution law of public participation in urban governance and the current situation of China's development,data collection and deviation analysis were conducted for six mega-cities in China,including Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Tianjin and Chongqing,by establishing a five-tier evaluation index system of public participation in mega-city governance.The results showed the rankings of mega-cities at different levels and the differences of different indicators within each megacity.Based on the calculation data and analysis results,the existing problems of public participation in the governance of mega-cities are analyzed.Finally,on the basis of the analysis of the evolution law,development status,evaluation results and problems of public participation in mega-city governance,the mechanism of public participation in mega-city governance is constructed and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the improvement of public participation in mega-city governance and other types of cities in China.The results show that the ranking of public participation in governance of mega-cities from high to low is Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen,Chongqing,Guangzhou and Tianjin,Beijing,Shanghai,Chongqing,Shenzhen,Guangzhou and Tianjin.Among them,Beijing and Shanghai are in the front rank in the three criteria levels of participation possibility,actual participation degree and final participation validity;Guangzhou's actual participation level in 2017 is relatively high;Shenzhen's actual participation in the two-year evaluation is more prominent;Tianjin's final participation has the highest level of validity,indicating that the public has a high degree of control over governance policies;Chongqing's actual participation in 2016 The results of the final participation validity evaluation in 2017 are relatively good.The existing problems of public participation in the governance of mega-cities mainly include individual participation,organized quantity,system guarantee,information disclosure and lack of expression quantity and channels.Based on the evaluation results and problem analysis,this paper puts forward the selection of public participants,interest expression mechanism and whole process evaluation mechanism in the governance of mega-cities.