Comprehensive Evaluation Of Spatial Poverty Characteristics In Ganzi Prefecture

Since December 1982,China began to explore the development-oriented poverty alleviation roads in poverty-stricken areas.The poverty alleviation process in the past 40 years has greatly reduced the number of poor people in China.By the end of 2017,there are still more than 30 million rural poor people in the country.The distribution of the poor population presents the spatial characteristics of “large scattered and small gathering”,and the pressure and difficulty of poverty alleviation is still very high in China.Accurate poverty alleviation has entered a crucial moment.It is very important to propose constructive poverty alleviation measures for the poverty characteristics of concentrated contiguous areas.After four years of precision poverty alleviation,as of the end of 2017,Ganzi Prefecture,as the only Tibetan autonomous prefecture in Sichuan Province,still has 82,000 poor people.In 2018,Ganzi 's poverty reduction task was 48,000,which accounts for more than half of the poor population in the Prefecture.In 2019,it is necessary to realize the poverty alleviation of poverty-stricken counties in Ganzi Tibetan areas.It is the short time away from the target and the task of poverty alleviation more serious,making it more practical to study the poverty problem in Ganzi Prefecture.Based on the theory of spatial poverty,this paper transforms the geographical environment elements into a series of geographic capital(including economic geography capital,social geography capital,environmental geography capital),and combines Pearson correlation analysis,entropy weight method,gray correlation degree,TOPSIS model to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of Ganzi Prefecture's geographical capital and to analyze the characteristics of spatial poverty.The influencing factors of regional poverty are discussed through the obstacle degree model.This paper aims to provide scientific poverty alleviation guidance for ethnic minorities and concentrated contiguous areas in poverty-stricken areas in 2020.This paper is divided into six parts.The first part introduces the research background and significance,reviews the research progress at home and abroad,sorts out and defines related concepts,narrates the research content and possible innovations,and gives the technical route of research.The second part introduces the natural environment,social economic environment and poverty status of Ganzi Prefecture;the third part is the research method and data processing;the fourth part is the analysis of the characteristics and causes of spatial poverty in Ganzi Prefecture;the fifth part is the countermeasures and suggestions for poverty alleviation;The six parts are conclusions and prospects.The combination of qualitative and quantitative methods yields the following conclusions:(1)The distribution of economic geography capital in Ganzi Prefecture is characterized by“eastern superiority and west poorness,south superiority and north poorness”;social geography capital by“central inferiority and north-south superiority”,among which the central county has two excellent points and one inferior circle;the environmental geography capital by“middle and western excellent,east and north inferior”,among which of Shiqu,Seda and Kangding is poor.(2)The poverty in Ganzi Prefecture is characterized by deepening from south to north,with low poverty areas appearing in the southeast and high poverty areas in the north.According to the classification of normal distribution standard deviation,Ganzi Prefecture is divided into three categories: high,medium and low poverty.Among them,high poverty areas include Baiyu,Shiqu and Seda.The middle poverty areas include Danba,Yajiang,Daofu,Luhuo,Ganzi,Xinlong,Dege,Litang,Batang,Xiangcheng,Daocheng and Derong.Low poverty areas include Kangding,Luding and Jiulong.(3)The main obstacles to spatial poverty in Ganzi Prefecture belong to the layer of the social geography capital,which is concentrated in the four dimensions of population status,medical care,entertainment and education.However,the intensity of the obstacles in the economic and environmental geography capital of each county are different.In general,the future poverty alleviation policies and measures and the propensity for poverty alleviation fund for Ganzi Prefecture should be implemented in accordance with the principles of 1 Social construction 2 Economic construction 3 Environmental construction.In addition,environmental protection should be emphasized in the three counties of Kangding,Shiqu and Seda.(4)In the countermeasures for poverty alleviation,social geography capital should promote education,medical care,culture and housing construction;economic geography capital should focus on improving internal and external transportation infrastructure,improving residents' informationization,encouraging microfinance,developing characteristic agriculture,and relying on unique natural resources to promote the development of tourism;environmental geography capital should focus on strengthening agricultural ecological protection,improving environmental supervision capabilities,improving ecological compensation mechanisms,and enhancing local people's awareness of environmental protection.