Domestic Inland Transport Distance And Import And Export Trade:Expand The Gravity Model And Empirical

The gravity model has achieved great success in the empirical research,but there are still further refinement in the study.In the study of gravity model at home and abroad,the spherical distance between two points is often used in distance,which may deviate greatly from the transportation distance of actual trade,and the trade volume is mostly measured by the total bilateral trade volume.However,the influence of distance factor on import and export may be different in reality.To solve the above problems,this paper further expands the research on gravity model.In theory,based on the research of Eaton and Kortum(2002)and combined with Translog utility function,this paper divides the distance factor into outbound,sea and inbound distances by assumption of "iceberg cost".At the same time,the import and export are distinguished.Different from the traditional symmetrical gravity model,this paper derives a gravity model covering domestic and international trade.In the empirical study,this paper constructs the econometric equation on the basis of the previous paper,and selects the data of import and export trade volume,GDP,industrial added-value,labor remuneration,industrial employment,total employment and distance of different road sections between the domestic eight provinces and ASEAN from 2005 to 2016,and makes an empirical study on the impact of different transportdistances on import and export trade.At the same time,the relevant data of nine developed countries are selected as control samples to ensure the stability of the conclusions of this paper.Finally,the results show that:firstly,the impact of domestic transport distance on its exports is more prominent;secondly,the impact of domestic transport distance is more significant in countries with closer distances;thirdly,the gap between domestic inland transport cost per kilometer and marine transport cost per kilometer is narrowing.This study supports the urgency of facilities connectivity and strengthening the construction of inland ports.