Analysis On The Change Of The Income Gap Of Urban Residents In The East,Central And Western Regions

In the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China's economy has developed rapidly.Since 2010,China's GDP has ranked second in the world,and people's living standards have also been greatly improved.At the same time,however,there are huge differences in the income levels of residents in the eastern,central and western regions.There is also a large gap between the income levels of different occupations and different units,and these income gaps have become more and more obvious in recent years.For example,the GDP of Guangdong Province and Jiangsu Province has broken 9 trillion,while the GDP of some provinces in the western regions has not even broken trillions.Obviously,too large income gap is not conducive to improving the personal well-being of residents,and also is not conducive to the development of the national economy.In the long run,it will definitely affect the construction of a well-off society in an all-round way in China,and it is not conducive to achieving common prosperity.This paper uses CHIP urban data(1988,1995,2002,2007 and 2013)to study the influencing factors of urban income gap in eastern,central and western regions in China and the contribution rate of different factors to the income gap by using multiple linear regression estimation and a variety of mean decomposition methods.The main contributions of this paper as follows:In the research and analysis,the urban data of the five years of CHIP is divided into the eastern,central and western regions to measure the income gap,and the trend of the income gap is discussed.We use the control variables such as gender,years of education,work experience,occupation,and ownership of the unit to study the changes in the impact on residents' income during the inspection period.During the research,this paper uses educational background instead of years of education to examine the impact of different levels of education on resident income.We also introduce the decomposition of Oaxaca decomposition and its extended mean value into the decomposition of the income gap between the eastern,central and western regions to study the changes in the contribution rate of each variable to the income gap.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:1?According to the income gap of urban residents in the eastern,central and western regions,the results show that:(1)During the inspection period,the income gap of residents in various regions is expanding.In each year,the income gap in the eastern region is higher than that in the central and western regions.(2)The income gap between urban residents in the eastern,central and western regions mainly comes from the income gap within the eastern,central and western regions.The income gap between the eastern,central and western regions is not large.During the inspection period,the highest income gap between the eastern,central and western regions was not More than 12%.2?according to the factors affecting the income of urban residents in the eastern,central and western regions,it can be seen that:(1)the rate of return on education is increasing during the inspection period,and the rate of return on education in the eastern region is the fastest;the income of residents and working experience are significantly Inverted U-type relation;From the gender point of view,the male income level is generally higher than the female income level.The income gap between the genders in the eastern region is expanded most rapidly during the inspection period.The income gap between the genders in the western region is small,but it is gradually expanding during the inspection period.From the professional point of view,the income of the responsible person and the technical staff is significantly higher than the level of the worker,the highest can be about 50%higher,the income gap between the occupations in the eastern region is larger than that in the central and western regions;from the perspective of unit ownership,the income gap between different units in the eastern region is relatively large,and the income gap between unit ownership in the western region is small.From the educational background point of view,the income gap between highly educated and low-educated was widened during the inspection period.During the period of 2002-2013,Residents who graduated from college or above were 38%higher than those who graduated from primary school or below.3?according to the decomposition of residents'income gap,it can be seen that during the period of 1988-2007,the contribution rate of discrimination to the income gap between the eastern,central and western regions was around 100%.In 2013,there was a significant decline,and the discrimination part fell to about 70%.the reasonable part reached about 30%,mainly due to the increase in the number of years of education in the eastern regions,which explained 24.5%of the total income gap.The total discrimination of occupations increased the income gap between the eastern,central and western regions during the inspection period.the nature of unit ownership narrowed the income gap between the two during the inspection period,anti-discrimination increased the income gap between the two parts,and direct discrimination narrowed the income gap between the two parts,but direct discrimination is stronger than anti-discrimination.The Suggestions put forward in this paper are as follows:attach importance to basic education,improve the quality of education;achieve industrial upgrading,ensure employment equity;balance the development of the eastern,central and western regions.