Research On Rural Foreign Labor Transfer And Poverty Alleviation

What poor households' living and working rely on is no more than various labor resources.Under the condition of scarce available fields and local resources,in some extents,what determines whether poor farmers in these regions can eventually shake off poverty is that surplus labors can be transferred to the demanded fields and succeed re-combination of surplus labor and other production elements such as external funds and technologies.Since the mid of 1980s,in the official support and arrangement,farmers lacking of living resources in poverty areas achieved the target of getting rid of poverty and becoming rich through solving the problem of re-combination of surplus labor and external production elements and transferring employment abroad.Based on the perspectives of Push-Pull Theory and Human Capital Theory,this research used the case study method to reveal the history of transfer employment and typical model in a transfer-employment-poverty-alleviation county through Field Research and Semi-structured Interviews with relevant personnel.Using the framework of the push-pull theory to analyze the successful experience of poverty alleviation model in Z county.This paper summarizes the practical difficulties faced by the county in the process of transferring employment abroad.On the macro level,there are dilemmas in the transfer market,the dilemma of government management,and the predicament of rights and interests.On the micro level,there are insufficient conditions of the labor force,old-fashioned thinking,and poor enthusiasm.These difficulties have some similarities in the areas where poverty is eliminated by means of transferring employment abroad.In view of these difficulties,this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for improvement.In this paper,Z County of Henan Province was selected as major research sample for a series of analysis on the transfer-employment-poverty-alleviation issues.It is found that:First,the successful transfer-employment-poverty-alleviation in Z county is related to the advanced mode of "Foreign-related vocational education +High-paying employment abroad + Domestic entrepreneurship".This model first increases human capital and enhances comprehensive quality through foreign-related education,cooperate with foreign state-owned enterprises to ensure stable and high-paid employment abroad;the returned workers from abroad have the capital,technology and brains they need to start their own businesses,and they have set up companies in their hometown to drive their parents and fellow villagers out of poverty and become rich.Second,using push-pull theory to recognize that the push part in labor output fields is economic backwardness,surplus labor,scientific training system and financial support as well as the pull part is high income,better labor security,connections in fellows and demands for improving themselves.Third,even though labor-transfer-poverty-alleviation model in Z county has greatly promoted the poverty alleviation,it also inevitably encounters some difficulties.Therefore,in order to improve Z county's employment transfer and poverty alleviation,this study gives suggestions that government should shift the scale,expand the transfer channels and markets,enhance the training and output levels,improve policies and regulations,ensure legal rights,promote projects cooperation,as well as labors should update the concepts and perspectives,change shaking off poverty ideas and enhance initiative,improve quality,increase human capital.The model of Z County's poverty alleviation,its emphasis on human capital cultivation and its favorable conditions for the transfer of foreign labor services have certain reference significance for other regions to alleviate poverty by transferring employment abroad.