Analysis On The Cost And Benefits And Efficiency Of Agricultural Land Non-agriculturalization From The Perspective Of Farmers

With the rapid development of China's industrialization and urbanization,the transfer of a large number of agricultural land from the agricultural sector to the non-agricultural sector has provided necessary land support for the development of social economy.At the same time,the loss of high-quality agricultural land resources has resulted in the income of farmers.Changes in the living environment have changed the structure of rural land use.Agricultural land is the basis for farmers to settle down.After the non-agriculturalization of farmland,the original lifestyle of farmers is forced to change,and they must face new and unfamiliar living environments and lifestyles.In the process,although the farmers received certain compensation,they also lost the land and all the tangible and intangible benefits attached to it,which means that the cost incurred by the farmers increased.The process of non-agriculturalization of farmland is a process involving the game of rights between multiple departments and entities.Farmers as the owners and users of the land,from the micro perspective of the farmers to explore The cost,benefit and efficiency of the non-agriculturalization of agricultural land are of great significance.From the perspective of China's reality,agricultural land has economic value,social value and ecological value.This study combines the impact of agricultural land non-agriculturalization on farmers,and summarizes the changes in agricultural land,such as non-agricultural income,living expenses and living conditions,as the extended value of agricultural land.Based on the economic output value of agricultural land,the comprehensive value of social security value and ecological service value and extended value,the estimation framework of farmers' cost benefits and efficiency in the process of agricultural land non-agriculturalization is constructed.In fact,the large span of farmers' types may cover the differences in the cost-benefits of different types of farmers.If the types of farmers are further divided,the changes in the cost-benefits of different types of farmers can be more clearly found.Therefore,this study takes 865 households in 5 counties and cities in the central and western regions as an example,and conducts field research to obtain data and data of farmers,uses two-step clustering method to rationally divide farmers,and uses cost-benefit analysis method to analyze farmland of different types of farmers.The difference between non-agricultural cost benefits and efficiency.The main findings are as follows:First,based on the family characteristics,resource endowment and livelihood strategies of farmers,the two-step clustering method is used to divide the types of farmers.According to the theory of farmer type division,farmers are divided into three types: traditional farmers,part-time farmers and off-market farmers.Second,the functional value of agricultural land is divided into economic output value,social security value,ecological service value and extension value of farmland(change of living cost of farmers after non-agriculturalization of agricultural land,change of non-agricultural income,living conditions)Variety).From the perspective of farmers,the costs incurred in the process of non-agriculturalization of agricultural land include the loss of economic output value,the loss of social security value,the loss of ecological service value and the increase of family living cost after non-agriculturalization of agricultural land.The incomes obtained by farmers include the non-agricultural compensation fees for agricultural land,The increase of non-agricultural employment opportunities brought by non-agricultural land conversion leads to the increase of non-agricultural income and the improvement of farmers' living conditions.Thirdly,the cost-benefit analysis method is used to estimate the Ganting District of Hu County,Xi'an City,Shaanxi Province,Lemin Town,Panxian County,Liupanshui City,Guizhou Province,Shinan Town,Xingye County,Yulin City,Guangxi Province,and Shuanghe Village,Jifeng Street,Jishou City,Hunan Province.The non-agricultural compensation fees for farmland households in the five districts of Xian'an District,Xianning City,Hubei Province,accounted for more than 80% of the total income earned by farmers during the non-agriculturalization process of agricultural land,and the non-agricultural compensation for agricultural land Fees are the main source of total income earned by farmers.Fourth,in terms of the cost of farmers' burdens,with reference to the research results of Xie Gaodi,and according to the actual conditions of each region,the annual value loss of agricultural land ecological services is estimated to be several thousand yuan per hectare,Huxian County,Xi'an City,Shaanxi Province.The Ganting District has a minimum of 3610.12 yuan,and the Xian'an District of Xianning City,Hubei Province has a maximum of 8780.36 yuan.The loss caused by the ecological service value of agricultural land cannot be ignored.The average value of social security value loss of agricultural land accounted for 69% of the total cost of farmers,accounting for a large proportion.The loss of economic output value of agricultural land and the increase in the cost of living after non-agriculturalization of agricultural land account for a small proportion of the total cost of the entire farmer.It can be seen that agricultural land mainly bears the functional role of farmers' social security.For a long time,only the agricultural output value of agricultural land resources is used to estimate the non-agricultural compensation of agricultural land,and the social security value and ecological service of agricultural land resources are ignored.The value and the extension value cause the passive loss of farmers' interests in the process of non-agriculturalization of agricultural land.Fifth,Ganting District,Hu County,Xi'an City,Shaanxi Province,Lemin Town,Panxian County,Liupanshui City,Guizhou Province,Shinan Town,Xingye County,Yulin City,Guangxi Province,Shuanghe Village,Jifeng Street,Jishou City,Hunan Province,Xian'an District,Xianning City,Hubei Province The non-agricultural efficiency of agricultural land in the five regions is less than 1,indicating that the cost of farmers in the five regions in the process of non-agriculturalization exceeds the income obtained by farmers."Protection of farmer's living standards after non-agriculturalization of agricultural land is not reduced,and long-term livelihoods are guaranteed." The provisions in the Land Management Law indicate the direction for the improvement of agricultural land non-agricultural efficiency.In other words,to improve the non-agricultural efficiency of agricultural land,reasonable compensation should be given to the losses suffered by farmers.It is a forward direction to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers based on the resource attributes,asset attributes and public attributes of the land to expand the compensation scope of non-agriculturalization land should be extended,and the compensation standard of non-agricultural land should be improved.