Research On The Cooperative Network Of Drafting Tourism-Standards Units

Tourism includes six elements: food hospitality,travel,visit,shopping,entertaining.It is a comprehensive industry involving many industries,involving a wide range of fields and has a strong integration.Tourism standardization is an important tool to promote the growth of tourism industry and maintain its market norms.In recent years,the general promotion of tourism consumption demand and the emergence of new tourism development models have put forward new and higher requirements for tourism standardization.However,there is still a gap between the current work of Tourism Standardization and the growing demand for tourism development.Tourism standards cover a wide range of elements,so the drafting of tourism standards is usually completed by a number of units from different fields.As the main body of standard-setting,the cooperation between them will inevitably affect the quality of tourism standards,thus further affecting the standardization level of tourism.Therefore,it is necessary to study the cooperation network of the drafting units of tourism standards in order to improve the quality and efficiency of cooperation among different units,and thus to improve the quality of tourism standards.This thesis researches on the cooperative network formed by the units who drafting the national standards and industrial standards of tourism,which are under the jurisdiction of the National Tourism Standardization Technical Committee of China,issued between 1993 and 2017.Firstly,this thesis combs the relevant literature from three aspects: tourism standardization,scientific research co-authorship and social network.Secondly,it divides the development stage of Tourism Standardization and analyses the current situation of the drafting units of tourism standards and tourism standards.Then,according to the characteristics of real data and historical factors,the data of existing tourism standard drafting units are divided into different time nodes.After that,the standard drafting units of different time nodes are analyzed by mathematical statistics from two aspects: quantitative characteristics and attribution characteristics.Next,social network analysis method is used to discuss the characteristics of cooperative networks of different time nodes from three aspects: the overall characteristics of networks,group characteristics and centrality.In terms of the overall attributes of the network,it is analyzed from five perspectives: scale,isolated point rate,density,average distance and clustering coefficient.In terms of group characteristics,composition,faction and core-edge structure are discussed.In the aspect of centrality analysis,degree centrality,betweenness centrality and closeness centrality are analyzed.The research shows that the cooperation between the drafting units of tourism standards is in the process of continuous optimization,the number of drafting units of each standard increases obviously,the network scale grows rapidly while the solitary point rate decreases significantly,and the network also keeps a short average distance.However,there are some deficiencies in the process of optimization,for example: a few standards with a standard age and the overall update of the standard is slow,the number of drafting units for some standards is relatively small,the participation of enterprises and industry associations is low,the contact between standard drafting units is not close,there are too many "small groups" in the cooperation network,and the centrality difference of drafting units is obvious and gradually increases.In view of these problems,the author put forward corresponding suggestions in the end,hoping that these Suggestions can play a certain role in improving the quality and efficiency of the cooperative relationship between standard drafting units.