Study On The Impact Of American Carbon Constraints On China’s Export Of Mechanical And Electrical Products

After the 2008 international financial crisis.The uneven recovery between developed and developing countries had caused widespread concern in developed countries,which triggered a rise of trade protectionism.U.S.technology and low-carbon standards have become stricter in the post-crisis era.The US Clean Energy Security Act,passed in 2009,required carbon tariffs on high-carbon products imported by the United States starting in 2020,which will limit China’s export trade to the United States in the form of green trade barriers.As a kind of carbon-intensive products,mechanical and electrical products accounted for more than 50% of China’s exports to the United States over the years.The imposition of US carbon tariffs will bring serious cost burden to the export of China’s mechanical and electrical products.This paper analyzed and expanded the research on the possible impact of US carbon tariffs on China’s mechanical and electrical products exports,and proposed countermeasures and measures based on the assumption of carbon tariffs in the United States.The first part of this paper analyzed the development history of carbon sequestration in the United States,the legality of carbon tariffs,and the carbon tariff game in the current international political and economic context.The second part analyzed the current situation of China-US mechanical and electrical products trade and the historical changes of full carbon emission intensity of the mechanical and electrical industry in China.The trade status section first analyzed the six countries markets of China’s exports for mechanical and electrical products.Then this section clarified the trade status of China-US mechanical and electrical products.Finally,according to the HS code,the mechanical and electrical products exported from China to the United States were divided into nine categories,and the total volume,structure,and tariffs were analyzed.while being exported in large quantities,China’s mechanical and electrical products are also constrained by the carbon importing of importing countries due to their high energy consumption and high carbon emissions.The third part discussed the US criteria for the collection of carbon tariffs,and analyzed the export impact mechanism of carbon tariffs.The fourth part first analyzed the correlation between the China’s export value of various types of mechanical and electrical products and the average US tariff rate,and the carbon tariff and full carbon emission intensity was used to calculate the export loss rate.Then this part used the export loss rate to analyze the changes of RCA index and Rely coefficient of China’s mechanical and electrical products in the US market under carbon tariffs.The last step of this part explored the direct carbon emission intensity and price adjustment strategies of the mechanical and electrical industry in China under carbon tariffs.According to the research,the paper drew the following conclusions: 1.Under the US carbon tariff,the export loss rate of China’s mechanical and electrical products was in the order of electrical machinery and equipment,communication equipment and computers and other electronic products,transportation equipment,instrumentation and cultural office machinery,general and special equipment.However,there was an export yield rate for musical instruments and their accessories.2.Under the carbon tariff,the competitiveness and dependence of mechanical and electrical products in the US market would decline.3.In order to cope with carbon tariffs,the mechanical and electrical industry could optimize the export structure of mechanical and electrical products from the perspective of energy,capital and price.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper proposed countermeasures and suggestions for containing and coping with the US carbon tariffs from the government,industry associations,industry and product levels,such as China-US dialogue,China’s trade counter-measure,opening and innovation of the mechanical and electrical industry,and improving the carbon trading system,believing that it is necessary to fully coordinate the functions of various parties so that China’s exports of mechanical and electrical products could effectively cross the green trade barriers of US carbon tariffs.The current development of a low-carbon economy is an important way for China to achieve economic transformation and sustainable development,promoting the common realization of the dual tasks of China’s trade development and environmental protection.