| It has been forty years since the reform and opening up has also been the forty years of rapid development of China's tourism industry.With the rapid development of social and economic development,the improvement of people's consumption level and the increase of leisure time,the tourism industry has entered the era of mass tourism,and the demand for tourism consumption has shown an explosive growth trend.The tourism industry gradually moves from the initial single service reception industry.Modern service industry transformation.As a comprehensive industry,tourism plays an important role in the economic development,especially in promoting the coordinated development of related industries.However,its comprehensive characteristics also determine that tourism has the characteristics of complex industrial linkages,many input factors,and long output cycles.Therefore,it is of practical significance to fully utilize the tourism industry to achieve its high efficiency..Shaanxi Province is a resource province in the forefront of the country and a gateway province in the five northwestern provinces.From the analysis of the current investment situation in recent years,the investment growth rate in the western region is the fastest,especially in Shaanxi.In addition,the strategy of“One Belt,One Road” proposes that Shaanxi Province is an important node province on the Silk Road Economic Belt,so it is Shaanxi.The case study of the efficiency of tourism input and output can not only describe the current situation of tourism development in Shaanxi,reveal the characteristics of input and output efficiency,analyze the problems that need to be solved in the development of tourism in Shaanxi,and then propose strategies for improving tourism efficiency,and even study the western region and even the whole country.The status quo of tourism development provides reference and reference.Based on the theory of input-output and tourism economics,this paper uses DEA-CCR,DEA-BCC model and Malmquist index,firstly based on the existing research,through the selection of highly explanatory and representative input-output factors.According to the results of the measurement,based on the analysis of Shaanxi tourism efficiency characteristics,compared with the national average,the average value of the five western provinces and the efficiency value of Tianjin,To realize the evaluation of Shaanxi tourism efficiency;once again,it analyzes the characteristics of tourism's total factor productivity in Shaanxi Province,and then analyzes the factors of Shaanxi tourism's input-redundancy based on the measured data;finally,reveals Shaanxi tourism based on the empirical results.Problems in the development process,and targeted improvement strategies.The main findings of this paper are as follows:(1)Characteristics of tourism efficiency in Shaanxi: From the comprehensive efficiency analysis,the comprehensive efficiency value of tourism in Shaanxi Province is in an invalid state in most of the time,and the optimal production ratio is not realized,indicating that the resource allocation ability is low and the resource use efficiency is not high.From the technical efficiency analysis,on the whole,the effective utilization of tourism investment factor indicators in Shaanxi Province is not high.The efficiency value was lower in the initial period of the study period.After 2013,the efficiency value increased significantly,and the average technical efficiency averaged 0.61.From the perspective of scale efficiency analysis,Shaanxi's tourism scale efficiency is relatively stable and the fluctuation is small.The 10-year average of tourism scale efficiency is0.93.It shows that the scale of Shaanxi tourism industry in the past decade is more reasonable and the output level is also higher.In addition,the decomposition efficiency of the comprehensive efficiency,the technical efficiency has a greater impact on the overall efficiency,the constraints are stronger,and the explanatory power is stronger.(2)Evaluation of tourism efficiency in Shaanxi Province: Comparing the tourism efficiency value of Shaanxi with the average value of Tianjin,the five northwestern provinces and the national average: From the comprehensive efficiency analysis,the efficiency value of Shaanxi is much higher than the national average and the average value of the five northwestern provinces.The gap between the middle and upper reaches of the country and the Tianjin with the highest efficiency value has gradually narrowed.From the technical efficiency analysis,the technical efficiency of Shaanxi at the beginning of the study period is not only lower than the national average,but also lower than the average value of the five provinces in the northwest.At the end of the study period,the technical efficiency value has increased significantly,which is higher than the national and northwest five provinces,and is nationwide.At the middle level.From the scale efficiency analysis: Shaanxi efficiency value is always at a high value during the study period,and there is little change during the study period.(3)Characteristics of total factor productivity change: Total factor productivity increased steadily during the study period,but the increase rate was not high,with an average annual growth rate of 15.8%.Except for the negative growth between 2008 and2009,the rest of the decade has increased significantly.The average value of total factor productivity of tourism reached 1.1338,which was greater than 1,indicating that investment in technological progress,organizational innovation,specialization and production innovation led to an increase in production capacity during the study period.(4)Redundancy-shortage analysis: In general,the investment of various tourism factors is in a state of shortage,and it cannot fully satisfy the development of tourism.However,observing the trend of data,the phenomenon of insufficient investment in tourism in Shaanxi has been alleviated in recent years,especially Since 2013,the problem of insufficient factor investment has been alleviated,and even in 2015 and2016,some elements have been redundant.In view of the problems existing in Shaanxi tourism industry,the main improvement strategy should focus on tapping potential resources.Therefore,starting from the optimization of existing resources,improving service content and quality,this paper puts forward the strategy of Shaanxi tourism promotion.It includes three aspects:government management,tourism companies and human resources. |
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