Study On The Influence Of Urban Sprawl On Urban Productivity

Since the 21st century,the concept of urban sprawl has been introduced into China and has gradually attracted the attention and research of many scholars.Different from the spread of urbanization in Western countries in the later stage of urbanization,accompanied by the decline of central urban areas and the spread of suburban areas,the occurrence of urban sprawl in China is in the period of rapid urbanization and reflects the situation of central agglomeration and suburban sprawl.Compared with most developed countries that have completed urbanization,China's urbanization and spatial expansion are continuing.Urban sprawl is a special form of urban spatial expansion,and its special institutional causes occur in China.The“land finance”promotes economic growth as the main line,so its economic effects will be an important research topic.In addition,in the study of China's economic development,we must mention the"structural dividend"brought about by the changes in industrial structure,which can be understood as the economic growth effect brought about by the replacement of leading industries in different periods.Therefore,under the current environment of“adjusting structure and promoting growth”,how to make good use of the opportunity of industrial structure adjustment to rationally arrange urban space and promote urban economic development is an important topic worth studying.The results show that:?1?At the national level,in the past 20 years,the main mode of land supply in the country has been transferred from transfer to sale,and the land transfer price has become an important fiscal revenue of the local government.At the same time,we observed that from 2014 to 2016,the allocation was re-emerged as the main method of land supply nationwide.In addition,China's urban space is expanding rapidly,but it is beyond the actual needs of population expansion.The growth rate of built-up areas in the eastern,central and western regions has also been quite different in the past 16 years.The growth rate in the western region is the fastest,followed by the growth rate in the eastern region.The growth rate of the central region is at the bottom of the list;however,the absolute value of the growth of the built-up area is far greater in the eastern region than in the central and western regions,and it also indicates to a certain extent the more serious situation of the spread in the eastern region.Judging from the spread measurement of major cities in the country,most of the large cities have serious urban sprawl problems.?2?The impact of urban sprawl on urban productivity is subject to a non-linear relationship due to the level of industrial structure development.From a national perspective,in the early stage of urban industrial development or service industry employment,the urban sprawl will be conducive to the improvement of urban productivity.When the industrial structure breaks through the critical value??₁?28?0.916?,urban sprawl will have a negative impact on urban productivity.And this negative impact will worsen after the higher threshold??₂?28?4.707?.This conclusion applies to the current central and western regions of China,and the eastern region will not apply to this conclusion due to differences in development levels and the former two regions.The spread of cities in the eastern region will only have negative impact.?3?The impact of urban sprawl on manufacturing and service industries is also affected by the level of industrial structure development and shows different results.For the manufacturing industry,the expansion of more land and the construction of more large-scale plants have made the scale effect of traditional manufacturing in the production process.Although the sprawling development has caused waste of resources,it still remains in the early stage.The positive economic effects can be obtained through the advantages of low labor costs and land rents in remote areas.Therefore,urban diffusion at this stage is conducive to the development of manufacturing.However,with the upgrading of traditional manufacturing to service-oriented manufacturing,pharmaceutical industry manufacturing,and new material manufacturing,new manufacturing industries will gradually reduce their dependence on land.As a result,the urban contagion will gradually reduce the dividends of the manufacturing industry and gradually turn negative effect.In contrast,due to the agglomeration effect of the modern service industry,and the form of central business office,the service industry is not so dependent on land.Excessive spread will weaken the advantages of agglomeration effect,and the urban sprawl shows a negative impact on the service industry.